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Italian Renaissance > 8A > Flashcards

8A Flashcards

1
Q

Renaissance Means

A

Rebirht

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2
Q

1453

A

Fall of the Constantople to Ottoman Turks

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3
Q

1454

A

Invention of the printing press by Johannes Gutenburg

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4
Q

1492

A

Reconquista completed and Moors driven from Spain

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5
Q

1492

A

Columbus “discovers” America

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6
Q

1517

A

Martin Luther begins Protestant Reformation, followed by Catholic Counter Reformation

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7
Q

What is the measure of all things?

A

Man as the measure of all things

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8
Q

Italian Ren

A

1425 until the end of 1600s

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9
Q

French Ren

A

mid 1400s till the 1790s

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10
Q

English Ren

A

1490 - 1690

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11
Q

Northern and Spanish Ren

A

1500 to the end of 1700s

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12
Q

Eastern European Ren

A

Mid 1500s to end of 1700s

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13
Q

Latin America and Beyond

A

With Colonialism

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14
Q

Pre Renaissance

A

Medieval and Renaissance transition

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15
Q

True Renaissance

A

Pure and static classicism

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16
Q

Mannerism

A

Emotionally drawn into design and dynamism ( circle to an oval)

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17
Q

Baroque

A

Immense scale and embellishment, awe, fear, mystery and fantasy

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18
Q

Rococo

A

Exuberant embellishment

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19
Q

Design Principles: Function

A

Civic and Private space

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20
Q

Design Principles: Form

A

Int - Ext connection, symmetry and axiality, stylistic genre, scale, radial, regional expression, geometric form, aesthetic harmony

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21
Q

Design Principles: Social Context

A

Iconography and symbolism of Power

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22
Q

Design Principles: Environmental Context

A

None

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23
Q

Model of Garden Design

A

Platonic Academy

24
Q

Pre Renaissance:

A

Villa de medici, Fiesole by Cosimo de medici and Lorenzo the Magnificent. The principles were proportion, balance, harmony, hillside site, view, sun and clean water

25
Q

French Pre Renaissance:

A

Loire Valley: Blois od Louis XII, 1462 - 1515 the French Style: flat terraceswith verticality of sculpture and fountains; bosquet; and parterre de broderie

26
Q

Tapis Vert

A

still water

27
Q

True Renaissance:

A

Belvedere Court, Rome (connects Vatican and Summer Residence)

28
Q

Three Sections of Pope Julius II 1503 - 1513

A

upper terrace garden, monumental staircase, and lower stage like area (Theatre, gallery and natural contemplation)

29
Q

Palladian Architecture (Andrea Palladio 1508 - 1580)

A

Wrote the four books of Architecture and created the perfect house known as Villa Rotunda, 1565 - 1569 Vicenza countryside

30
Q

French Renaissance

A

Henri II and Diane de Poitiers, 1548 ( his mistress)

31
Q

Mannerism

A

Villa Lante, 1566 - 1573

32
Q

Diagonals

A

Rampe Douce

33
Q

Baroque Characterisitcs

A

Excessive scale and decoration, mythological and fantastical realms, theatrical effects, hedonistic and grotesque

34
Q

Villa d’Este 1560 - 1575

A

Created by Pirro Ligorio which was so large the valley had to be widened and adjacent town destoryed, uses of water were pools, automata, fountain,s cascades and plethora of artwork.

35
Q

Villa d’Este: Iconographics

A

Association with hercules

36
Q

French Mannerism: Vaux-le- Vicomte, 1656 - 1661

A

Nicolas Fouquet (1615 0 1680) LE Notre was the designer

37
Q

French Baroque: Versailles, 1661 - 1713

A

Louis the 14th the Sun Kind, 30 years, 13km axis and remote sites Clagny, marly, petit, trianon, and townsite

38
Q

Iconography to the sun King

A

Everything Subsidiary to the landscape

39
Q

Rococo

A

Applied pebblework and shells on surfaces

40
Q

Urban Theory

A

For without order there can be nothing commodious, graceful and noble

41
Q

Ideal Cities

A 
Palma Nova (1593- 1623), Circle and heliocentric world
view with Copernicus‘
observations; and
 Square of humankind
 Central functions (church and
palace) reflect humanistic
society where secular and
sacred are equal
 Sanitation objectives in face of
Medieval epidemics
 Theoretical guidelines to real
42
Q

Pre Renaissance: Pizza del Duomo, Pisa 1063- 1268

A

Refinement of Medieval form, spatial unification begins to emerge and symolizes a spiritual jounrey from baptism to life in Church to tower point heaven ward

43
Q

True Renaissance:

A

Pizza della Santissima Annunziata, Florence and Place des Vosges, Paris

44
Q

Mannerist: Pizza del Campidoglio, Rome

A

Created for Pope Sixtus Z by Michaelkangelo on Capitoline Hill 1547

45
Q

Baroque: Pizza Del Popolo, Rome 1562 - 1589

A

Radiating and trident form from rond point, grand avenues extending to horizon and large scale

46
Q

Piazza San Pietro

Rome

A 
Many designers over 16th
and 17th centuries with
Bernini as principal
designer 1556-1567
 East-west with sequence
of spaces from profane
to the sacred (right to
the altar)
 Gathering of masses of
people
 "Mother Church"
47
Q

Baroque

A

Piazza San Pietro, Rome has a radiating trident point, grand avenues and large scale

48
Q

Reform of existing capitals

A 
Rome and
Pope Sixtus V
 Grand avenues
connecting seven
pilgrim churches,
obelisks, and gates
 Symbol of centrality of
Roman Catholic
Church and victory
over Africa and Asia
 Water to new areas of
city with landmark
fountains
 New civic buildings
49
Q

Transformation: Garden into City Form

A

extneions of Tuileries garden 1616

50
Q

Vocab

A 
Grand avenues
 Diagonals
 Major civic
spaces
 Classical façades
 Harmonized
streetscapes
 Punctuated by
statuary and
fountains
51
Q

Reflecting Rising Power of Monarchies

A

Military prowess, patrons commissioning public works,
leaders transforming cities as symbols of power,
status, wealth and porgress

52
Q

Feudialism Values

A 
Supernatural
 God at centre
 Human misery
 Birth
 Arms
 Splendour
 Contemplative life
 Faith
53
Q

Humanism Values

A 
Natural
 Man at centre
 Human dignity
 Achievement
 Letters
 Thrift
 Active life
 Reason
54
Q

Feudalism Form

A 
Organic
 Vertical:
Earth connected to
heaven and paradise
 Natural expression
of site and function
 Man and nature in
tension
55
Q

Humanism Form

A 
Geometric
 Horizontal:
Horizon tied to earth and
nature
 Visual stability and order
 Man in control of nature

Italian Renaissance (1 decks)

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