87 Facts 8th Grade History Review

Question 1

IMPORTANT DATES: What was the first permanent English Settlement that was founded in 1607?

Answer 1

Jamestown

Question 2

IMPORTANT DATES: What document was signed on July 4, 1776?

Answer 2

The Declaration of Independence

Question 3

IMPORTANT DATES: What important document was written in 1787?

Answer 3

The Constitution of the United States

Question 4

IMPORTANT DATES: What did President Thomas Jefferson purchase from France? What year?

Answer 4

Louisiana Territory in 1803

Question 5

IMPORTANT DATES: When was the Civil War fought?

Answer 5

1861-1865

Question 6

IMPORTANT PLACES AND EVENTS: The first shots of the American Revolution fired at {blank} in April 1775.

Answer 6

Lexington & Concord

Question 7

IMPORTANT PLACES AND EVENTS: What was the turning point of the American Revolution?

Answer 7

The Battle of Saratoga

Question 8

IMPORTANT PLACES AND EVENTS: What battle signaled the end of the American Revolution?

Answer 8

The British defeat at Yorktown, Virginia by George Washington’s troops

Question 9

IMPORTANT PLACES AND EVENTS: Where were the first shots of the Civil War fired?

Answer 9

Fort Sumter in South Carolina

Question 10

IMPORTANT PLACES AND EVENTS: What battle was the turning point in the Civil War for the North? Confederate troops were forced to retreat and never invaded the North again.

Answer 10

The Battle of Gettysburg

Question 11

IMPORTANT PLACES AND EVENTS: What is the name of the small town in Virginia where Robert E. Lee surrendered the Confederate Army to Ulysses S. Grant ending the Civil War?

Answer 11

Appomattox Court House

Question 12

IMPORTANT VOCABULARY: What is the term that is an economic theory that a country’s strength is measured by the amount of gold it has, that a country should sell more than it buys and that the colonies exist for the benefit of the Mother Country?

Answer 12

Mercantilism

Question 13

IMPORTANT VOCABULARY: What is the term used for a person who wanted to end slavery in the United States?

Answer 13

An abolitionist

Question 14

IMPORTANT VOCABULARY: What is the term used to describe a tax on goods brought into a country?

Answer 14

tarrif

Question 15

IMPORTANT VOCABULARY: What is the believe that the United States should own all of the land between the Atlantic and Pacific Oceans?

Answer 15

Manifest Destiny

Question 16

IMPORTANT VOCABULARY: What movement was a campaign against the sale or drinking of alcohol?

Answer 16

The Temperance Movement

Question 17

IMPORTANT VOCABULARY: A nation in which voters choose representatives to govern them.

Answer 17

republic

Question 18

IMPORTANT VOCABULARY: What was the first representative assembly in the English colonies?

Answer 18

The Virginia House of Burgesses

Question 19

IMPORTANT VOCABULARY: Name the three branches of government.

Answer 19

Judicial Branch
Legislative Branch
Executive Branch

Question 20

IMPORTANT VOCABULARY: Name the system set up by the Constitution in which each branch of the federal government has the power to check or control the actions of the other branches.

Answer 20

Checks & Balances

Question 21

IMPORTANT VOCABULARY: The freedom of private businesses to operate competitively for profit with minimal government regulation

Answer 21

Free enterprise

Question 22

IMPORTANT VOCABULARY: The principle of the constitution in which power is shared between the states and the national government

Answer 22

Federalism

Question 23

IMPORTANT VOCABULARY: The principle of the constitution in which each branch of government has its own powers

Answer 23

Separation of Powers

Question 24

IMPORTANT VOCABULARY: The principle of the constitution in which people have the supreme political power in government; also the practice of allowing each territory to decide for itself whether or not to allow slavery

Answer 24

Popular Sovereignty

Question 25

IMPORTANT VOCABULARY: Means to change

Answer 25

Amend

Question 26

IMPORTANT VOCABULARY: Rights that cannot be given up, taken away, or transferred. Life, liberty, and the pursuit of happiness are some of those rights

Answer 26

Inalienable Rights

Question 27

IMPORTANT VOCABULARY: Means to approve by vote

Answer 27

Radify

Question 28

IMPORTANT VOCABULARY: The right of the Supreme Court to judge laws passed by Congress and determine whether they are constitutional or not

Answer 28

Judicial Review

Question 29

IMPORTANT VOCABULARY: Name of the supporters of the Constitution who favored a strong national government

Answer 29

Federalists

Question 30

IMPORTANT VOCABULARY: Name of people opposed to the Constitution, preferring more power be given to the state governments than to the national government

Answer 30

Anti-federalists

Question 31

IMPORTANT VOCABULARY: Name of the idea of a state declaring a federal law illegal

Answer 31

Nullify

Question 32

IMPORTANT VOCABULARY: Are the original records of an event. They include eyewitness reports, records created at the time of an event, speeches, and letters by people involved in the event, photographs, and artifacts

Answer 32

Primary Sources

Question 33

IMPORTANT VOCABULARY: Are the later writings and interpretations of historians and writers. Often secondary sources like textbooks and articles provide summaries of information found in primary sources

Answer 33

Secondary Sources

Question 34

IMPORTANT VOCABULARY: Was the era in which a change from household industries to factory production using powered machinery took place

Answer 34

Industrial Revolution

Question 35

IMPORTANT DATES AND POLICIES: What was signed in 1215 by King John and was the first document that limited power of the ruler?

Answer 35

The Magna Carta

Question 36

IMPORTANT DATES AND POLICIES: What protected the rights of English citizens and became the basis for the American Bill of Rights?

Answer 36

The English Bill of Rights

Question 37

IMPORTANT DATES AND POLICIES: What was the document written by Thomas Jefferson declaring the colonies independence from England?

Answer 37

The Declaration of Independence

Question 38

IMPORTANT DATES AND POLICIES: What was the first American constitution? It was a very weak document that limited the power of Congress by giving states the final authority over all decisions.

Answer 38

The Articles of Confederation

Question 39

IMPORTANT DATES AND POLICIES: What document sets out the laws and principles of the government of the United States?

Answer 39

The Constitution of the United States

Question 40

IMPORTANT DATES AND POLICIES: What is the name of George Washington's speech that advised the United States to stay "neutral in its relations with other nations" and to avoid "entangling alliances"?

Answer 40

George Washington's Farewell Address

Question 41

IMPORTANT DATES AND POLICIES: What was the foreign policy statement by President James Monroe stating that 1) the U.S. would not interfere in European affairs, and 2) that the western hemisphere was closed to colonization and/or interference by European nations?

Answer 41

The Monroe Doctrine

Question 42

IMPORTANT DATES AND POLICIES: The [BLANK] of 1763 ended the French and Indian War and effectively kicked the French out of North America.

Answer 42

The Treaty of Paris

Question 43

IMPORTANT DATES AND POLICIES: The [BLANK] ended the American Revolution and forced Britain to recognize the United States as an independent nation.

Answer 43

The Treaty of Paris

Question 44

IMPORTANT DATES AND POLICIES: Was a policy of establishing the principles and procedures for the orderly expansion of the United States

Answer 44

The Northwest Ordinance

Question 45

IMPORTANT DATES AND POLICIES: Was the agreement signed in 1620 by the Pilgrims in Plymouth to consult each other about laws for the colony and a promise to work together to make it succeed.

Answer 45

The Mayflower Compact

Question 46

IMPORTANT DATES AND POLICIES: Were a series of essays written by James Madison, John Jay, and Alexander Hamilton defending the Constitution and the principles on which the government of the United States was founded.

Answer 46

The Federalists Papers

Question 47

IMPORTANT DATES AND POLICIES: Was a pamphlet written by Thomas Paine to convince colonists that it was time to become independent from Britain

Answer 47

Common Sense

Question 48

IMPORTANT DATES AND POLICIES: The first ten amendments to the Constitution and detail the protection of individual liberties

Answer 48

The Bill of Rights

Question 49

IMPORTANT DATES AND POLICIES: A short speech given by Abraham Lincoln to dedicate a cemetery for soldiers who died at the Battle of Gettysburg. It is considered to be a profound statement of American ideals.

Answer 49

The Gettysburg Address

Question 50

IMPORTANT DATES AND POLICIES: What did Abraham Lincoln issue on January 1, 1863 that set all slaves in the Confederate states free?

Answer 50

The Emancipation Proclamation

Question 51

IMPORTANT DATES AND POLICIES: What created the two houses of Congress at the Constitutional Convention?

Answer 51

The Great Compromise

Question 52

IMPORTANT PEOPLE: He was a member of the Sons of Liberty who started the Committee of Correspondence to stir public support for American independence

Answer 52

Samuel Adams

Question 53

IMPORTANT PEOPLE: He was an inventor, statesman, diplomat, signer of the Declaration of Independence and delegate to Constitutional Convention

Answer 53

Ben Franklin

Question 54

IMPORTANT PEOPLE: He was the King of England who disbanded the colonial legislatures, taxed the colonies, and refused the Olive Branch Petition leading to the final break with the colonies

Answer 54

King George III

Question 55

IMPORTANT PEOPLE: He wrote the Declaration of Independence, became the 3rd President of the United States and purchased the Louisiana territory, doubling the size of the United States

Answer 55

Thomas Jefferson

Question 56

IMPORTANT PEOPLE: He wrote pamphlets like 'Common Sense" and 'The Crisis' to encourage American independence and resolve

Answer 56

Thomas Paine

Question 57

IMPORTANT PEOPLE: He was the leader of the Continental Army who became the first President of the United States

Answer 57

George Washington

Question 58

IMPORTANT PEOPLE: He was the leader of the original Democratic Party and a "President of the people". He was also responsible for the Trail of Tears, which forced Native Americans west of the Mississippi River

Answer 58

Andrew Jackson

Question 59

IMPORTANT PEOPLE: He was a powerful Kentucky Congressman and Senator who proposed the American System and the Compromise of 1850

Answer 59

Henry Clay

Question 60

IMPORTANT PEOPLE: He was the President of the Confederacy during the Civil War

Answer 60

Jefferson Davis

Question 61

IMPORTANT PEOPLE: He was the General of the Union Army and was responsible for winning the Civil War for the North

Answer 61

Ulysses S. Grant

Question 62

IMPORTANT PEOPLE: He was the General of the Confederate Army

Answer 62

Robert E. Lee

Question 63

IMPORTANT PEOPLE: He was the 16th President of the United States who successfully put the Union back together only to be assassinated 5 days after the Civil War ended

Answer 63

Abraham Lincoln

Question 64

IMPORTANT PEOPLE: He was a leader of the Federalists, first Treasurer of the United States, creator of the Bank of the U.S., and killed in a duel by the Vice President of the United States, Aaron Burr.

Answer 64

Alexander Hamilton

Question 65

IMPORTANT PEOPLE: He was a passionate patriot who became famous for his fiery speeches in favor of American independence. His most famous quote included the words, "Give me liberty or give me death!"

Answer 65

Patrick Henry

Question 66

IMPORTANT PEOPLE: He is considered to be the "Father of the Constitution"

Answer 66

James Madison

Question 67

IMPORTANT PEOPLE: He was a former slave who became the best known black abolitionist in the country

Answer 67

Frederick Douglas

Question 68

IMPORTANT PEOPLE: He was the author of the Monroe Doctrine, which shut down the western hemisphere to European expansion or interference

Answer 68

John Quincy Adams

Question 69

IMPORTANT PEOPLE: She was an escaped slave who became a Conductor on the Underground Railroad and helped over 300 slaves to freedom in the North

Answer 69

Harriett Tubman

Question 70

IMPORTANT PEOPLE: She organized the Seneca Falls Convention creating the Women's Rights Movement in the United States

Answer 70

Susan B. Anthony

Question 71

AMENDMENTS TO THE CONSTITUTION - BILL OF RIGHTS & RECONSTRUCTION AMENDMENTS: Which amendment states that "Congress shall make no law" restricting freedom of speech, religion, press, assembly, and petition?

Answer 71

1st Amendment

Question 72

AMENDMENTS TO THE CONSTITUTION - BILL OF RIGHTS & RECONSTRUCTION AMENDMENTS: Which amendment abolished slavery?

Answer 72

13th Amendment

Question 73

AMENDMENTS TO THE CONSTITUTION - BILL OF RIGHTS & RECONSTRUCTION AMENDMENTS: Which amendment guarantees the right to a speedy public trial by an impartial jury; the right to a lawyer; the right to cross examine witnesses; and the right to force witnesses at a trial to testify?

Answer 73

6th Amendment

Question 74

AMENDMENTS TO THE CONSTITUTION - BILL OF RIGHTS & RECONSTRUCTION AMENDMENTS: Which amendment guarantees the right of states to organize militias, or armies, and the right of individuals to bear arms?

Answer 74

2nd Amendment

Question 75

AMENDMENTS TO THE CONSTITUTION - BILL OF RIGHTS & RECONSTRUCTION AMENDMENTS: Which amendment prohibits cruel and unusual punishment and excessive bail or fines?

Answer 75

8th Amendment

Question 76

AMENDMENTS TO THE CONSTITUTION - BILL OF RIGHTS & RECONSTRUCTION AMENDMENTS: Which amendment guarantees the right to vote to all citizens regardless of race?

Answer 76

15th Amendment

Question 77

AMENDMENTS TO THE CONSTITUTION - BILL OF RIGHTS & RECONSTRUCTION AMENDMENTS: Which amendment forbids the government to order private citizens to allow soldiers to live in their homes?

Answer 77

3rd Amendment

Question 78

AMENDMENTS TO THE CONSTITUTION - BILL OF RIGHTS & RECONSTRUCTION AMENDMENTS: Which amendment requires that warrants be issued if property is to be searched or seized (taken) by the government?

Answer 78

4th Amendment

Question 79

AMENDMENTS TO THE CONSTITUTION - BILL OF RIGHTS & RECONSTRUCTION AMENDMENTS: Which amendment protects an accused person from having to testify against him or herself (self-incrimination); bans double jeopardy, and guarantees that no person will suffer the loss of life, liberty, or property without due process of law?

Answer 79

5th Amendment

Question 80

AMENDMENTS TO THE CONSTITUTION - BILL OF RIGHTS & RECONSTRUCTION AMENDMENTS: Which amendment guarantees the right to a jury trial in civil suits?

Answer 80

7th Amendment

Question 81

AMENDMENTS TO THE CONSTITUTION - BILL OF RIGHTS & RECONSTRUCTION AMENDMENTS: Which amendment states that the people have rights other than those specifically mentioned in the Constitution?

Answer 81

9th Amendment

Question 82

AMENDMENTS TO THE CONSTITUTION - BILL OF RIGHTS & RECONSTRUCTION AMENDMENTS: Which amendment states that powers not given to the federal government belong to the states?

Answer 82

10th Amendment

Question 83

AMENDMENTS TO THE CONSTITUTION - BILL OF RIGHTS & RECONSTRUCTION AMENDMENTS: Which amendment guarantees citizenship and rights to all people born or naturalized in the United States?

Answer 83

14th Amendment

Question 84

SUPREME COURT CASES: [BLANK] vs. [BLANK] was the 1803 Court decision that gave the Supreme Court the right to determine whether a law violates the Constitution. It set up the principle of judicial review.

Answer 84

Marbury vs. Madison

Question 85

SUPREME COURT CASES: [BLANK] VS. [BLANK] was the Supreme Court decision that said slaves were property and not citizens.

Answer 85

Dred Scott vs. Sandford

Question 86

INVENTIONS: What was the invention by Eli Whitney that speeded the cleaning of cotton fibers and in effect, increased the need for slaves?

Answer 86

The cotton gin

Question 87

INVENTIONS: What invention by Robert Fulton revolutionized transportation and trade in the United States?

Answer 87

The steam engine