climate change and legal battles Flashcards

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1
Q

paris agreement

A
  • created 2015, signed 2016 by 197 countries (187 ratified)
  • limit rise to 2 degrees with efforts to limit to 1.5 degrees
  • canada agrees to reduce emissions by 30% under 2005 levels by 2030
  • climate change is a big threat and requires cooperation from all countries
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2
Q

carbon pricing

A
  • all provinces must have carbon pricing system
  • starts at 10/tonne, rises by 10/year up to 50/tonne
  • can be carbon tax or cape and trade or hybrid
  • provinces mad bc it imposes on right to manage own affairs
  • feds say climate change is issue of national issue so have legal jurisdiction
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3
Q

sask v canada

A
  • sask argument: unique situation of cold rural province means carbon tax disproportionally affects them - nothing to do with climate change - just constitutional basis
  • canada: climate change affects everyone
  • supreme court in sask
  • feds won
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4
Q

ontario v canada - justice strathy

A
  • act within parliaments jurisdiction to legislate in relation to matters uner peace, order good governemnt
  • climate change poses a threat to life one earth
  • act establishes standards provinces must meet but they can do what they want
  • balance between parliament and provincial legislature
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5
Q

ontario v canada - justice huscroft (dissenting)

A
  • act is too intrusive on provincial jurisdiction - too much power transferred to feds
  • may lead to issues later on - common law may set precedence for things we dont want
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6
Q

netherlands v urgenda

A
  • urgenda (dutch ngo) sues dutch gov
  • ghg reduction target not enough, violates european charter of human rights, right to life and right to family life
  • hague court of appeal: cliamte change puts life at risk and it is the duty of dutch gov to counter risk
  • ruled that gov must achieve at least 25% below 1990 levels by 2020
  • appealed to netherlands supreme court
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7
Q

environnement JEUnesse v attorney general of canada facts

A
  • class action suit - all quebecers under 35
  • lack of action infringes on right to life and security, live in a healthful environment, equality, intergenerational equity
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8
Q

environnement JEUnesse v attorney general of canada outcome

A
  • class is too arbitrary, subjective, inappropriate bc only those 18+ could bring case forward
  • court found that impact of climate change on human rights is judicable, action of government subject to rights and freedoms
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9
Q

la rose et al v canada

A
  • 15 youths
  • canada violating right to security of person and right to equality
  • aggravated health conditions and risk to property and life
  • loss of cultural traditions
  • remedy: declare canada’s plan to reduce ghgs to level necessary to stabilize climate
  • youths can apply with guardian permission
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