8.4 Meiosis and genetic variation Flashcards
1
Q
What is the basic description of mitosis?
A
Mitosis produces two daughter nuclei with the same number of chromosomes as the parent cell and as each other.
2
Q
What is the basic description of meiosis?
A
Meiosis produces four daughter nuclei, each with half the number of chromosomes as the parent cell.
3
Q
What is the haploid number of chromosomes in humans?
A
23
4
Q
What are the three steps of meiosis?
A
- In the first division, the homologous chromosomes pair up and their chromatids wrap around each other.
- In the second division, the chromatids move apart. At the end, four cells have been formed (in humans, each of these contain 23 chromatids).
5
Q
Meaning of gene?
A
A section of DNA that codes for a polypeptide.
6
Q
Meaning of locus?
A
The position of a gene on a chromosome or DNA molecule.
7
Q
Meaning of allele?
A
One of the different forms of a particular gene.
