8.4 Electrical Signals and Neural Pathway

Question 1

These are opened by specific chemical channel.

Answer 1

Chemically Gated-channel

Question 2

Uneven distribution of charge in the cell membrane

Answer 2

Polarized Cell Membrane

Question 3

Uneven charge distribution in an unstimulated/resting cell

Answer 3

Resting Membrane Potential

Question 4

One of the basic types of ion charge which are always open.

Answer 4

Leak Channels

Question 5

What are the two basic types of ion channels?

Answer 5

Leak and Gated Channels

Question 6

This is required to maintain the greater concentration of Sodium (Na+) outside the cell membrane and Potassium (K+) inside.

Answer 6

Sodium-potassium pump

Question 7

Opened by a change in membrane potential.

Answer 7

Voltage Gated-channel

Question 8

A change that causes the inside of the cell membrane to become positive.

Answer 8

Depolarization

Question 9

Na+ diffuses quickly into the cell.

Answer 9

Local Current

Question 10

The charge on the cell membrane briefly becomes more negative than the resting membrane potential.

Answer 10

Hyperpolarization

Question 11

Attainable local potential (critical pt.)

Answer 11

Threshold value

Question 12

Threshold is reached = action potential occurs; if the threshold is not reached = action
potential doesn’t occur

Answer 12

All-or-none fashion

Question 13

An action potential at one Node of Ranvier causes jumps from another NOR (Node of Ranvier).

Answer 13

Saltatory Conduction

Question 14

Constitution of depolarization and repolarization

Answer 14

Action Potential

Question 15

Resting membrane potential changes in response to stimuli that activate gated ion channels.

Answer 15

Excitable Cells

Question 16

The action potential is conducted along the entire axon cell membrane.

Answer 16

Continuous Conduction

Question 17

The inside of the postsynaptic cell tends to become more negative

Answer 17

Hyperpolarized

Question 18

An involuntary reaction in response to a stimulus applied to the periphery and transmitted to the CNS.

Answer 18

Reflex

Question 19

It is the space separating the presynaptic & postsynaptic membrane.

Answer 19

Synaptic Cleft

Question 20

This is where neurotransmitters are stored.

Answer 20

Synaptic Vesicle

Question 21

Distinguish the two types of Summation

Answer 21

Partial and Temporal Summation

Question 22

This occurs from a single input fires rapidly, which allows the resulting local potential to overlap briefly.

Answer 22

Temporal Summation

Question 23

Describe how Spatial Summation happens

Answer 23

It occurs when the local potential originate from different locations on the postsynaptic neuron.

Question 24

What are the two simplest type of pathway within the CNS?

Answer 24

Converging and Diverging Pathway

Question 25

Describe converging pathway.

Answer 25

Two or more neurons synapse with the same neuron.

Question 26

Describe the diverging pathway.

Answer 26

The axon from one neuron divides and synapses with more than one other neuron