8.3 Nucleotides

Question 1

What is dna built from

Answer 1

Molecules called nucleotides

Question 2

In dna what is the Pentose sugar called

Answer 2

Deoxyribose

Question 3

In RNA what is the Pentose sugar called

Answer 3

Ribose

Question 4

In DNA nucleotides, what are the 4 bases called

Answer 4

-adenine
-thymine
-Guanine
-cytosine

Question 5

Which bases are purines

Answer 5

Adenine and guanine

Question 6

Which bases are pyrimidines

Answer 6

Thymine and cytosine

Question 7

Which bases does RNA contain

Answer 7

-adenine
-cytosine
-guanine
-uracil

Question 8

Which base does RNA not contain

Answer 8

Thymine

Question 9

What is in the centre of a nucleotide

Answer 9

A pentose sugar

Question 10

What is attached to the right of the pentose sugar in a nucleotide

Answer 10

A nitrogenous base (a nitrogen containing base)

Question 11

What is attached to the left of the pentose sugar in the nucleotide

Answer 11

A negatively charged phosphate group

Question 12

What are all the elements nucleotides contain

Answer 12

Carbon, hydrogen, oxygen, nitrogen and phosphorus

Question 13

What is the structure of a purine

Answer 13

Double ringed

Question 14

What is the structure of a pyrimidine

Answer 14

A single ring structure

Question 15

What’s the bond between two nucleotides called

Answer 15

A phosphodiester bond

Question 16

What type of reaction occurs as a phosphodiester bond forms

Answer 16

A condensation reaction

Question 17

What is the molecule formed called when two nucleotides bond

Answer 17

Dinucleotide

Question 18

How would you break a phosphodiester bond

Answer 18

By adding water (hydrolysis)

Question 19

What are two examples of polynucleotides

Answer 19

DNA and RNA

Question 20

Where does the phosphodiester bond form

Answer 20

Between the phosphate group of one nucleotide and the hydroxyl group on carbon 3 of the other nucleotide