8.3 mRNA and tRNA

Question 1

What is RNA?

Answer 1

• a single polynucleotide strand
• contains uracil (U) instead of thymine (T)

Question 2

What base does uracil always pair with?

Answer 2

Adenine - A

Question 3

What are the two types of RNA?

Answer 3

• mRNA
• tRNA

Question 4

What is the genome?

Answer 4

The complete set of genes in a cell

Question 5

What is the proteome?

Answer 5

The full range of proteins that a cell is able to produce

Question 6

What is the function of mRNA and when is it made?

Answer 6

• carries genetic code from the DNA to the ribosomes where it is used to make proteins during translation
• made during transcription

Question 7

Describe the structure of mRNA

Answer 7

• single polynucleotide strand
• three adjacent codons
• attached to a ribose sugar
• ribose sugar attached to phosphate group

Question 8

What is the function of tRNA and when is it made?

Answer 8

• involved in translation
• carries amino acids that are used to make proteins to the ribosomes
• made in the nucleus

Question 9

Describe the structure of mRNA

Answer 9

• single polynucleotide strand thats folded into a clover shape
• hydrogen bonds between base pairs hold the molecule in shape
• has a specific sequence of three bases at the end = anticodon
• have an amino acid binding site at the other end