8.3: Comparisons Flashcards

1
Q

Both Spanish and English use __________ to indicate which of two people or things has a lesser, equal, or greater degree of a quality.

A

comparisons

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2
Q

menos interesante

A

less interesting

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3
Q

más grande

A

bigger

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4
Q

tan sabroso como

A

as delicious as

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5
Q

Comparisons of inequality are formed by placing ________ or _______ before adjectives, adverbs, and nouns and _______ after them

A

más; menos; que

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6
Q

más/menos + (_______, _______, or _______) + que

A

adjective; adverb; noun

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7
Q

Note that while English has a comparative form for __________ (taller), such forms do not exist in Spanish (más alto).

A

short adjectives

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8
Q

Comparison with adjectives:

Los bistecs son más caros que el pollo.

A

Steaks are more expensive than chicken.

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9
Q

Comparison with adjectives:

Estas uvas son menos ricas que esa pera.

A

These grapes are less tasty than that pear.

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10
Q

Comparison with adverbs:

Me acuesto más tarde que tú.

A

I go to bed later than you (do).

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11
Q

Comparison with adverbs:

Luis se despierta menos temprano que yo.

A

Luis wakes up less early than I (do).

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12
Q

Comparison with nouns:

Juan prepara más platos que José.

A

Juan prepares more dishes than José (does).

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13
Q

Comparison with nouns:

Susana come menos carne que Enrique.

A

Susana eats less meat than Enrique does.

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14
Q

Comparison with adjectives:

La ensalada es menos cara que la sopa.

A

Salad is less expensive than soup.

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15
Q

Comparison with adjectives:

¿El pollo es más rico que el jamón?

A

Is the chicken tastier than the salmon?

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16
Q

When the comparison involves a number of expressions, ____ is used before the number instead of que.

A

de

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17
Q

Comparison involving numerical expression:

Hay más de cincuenta naranjas.

A

There are more than fifty oranges.

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18
Q

Comparison involving numerical expression:

Llego en menos de diez minutos.

A

I’ll be there in less than ten minutes.

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19
Q

With verbs, this construction is used to make comparisons of inequality:

A

(verb) + más/menos que

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20
Q

Verbs with comparisons of inequality:

Mis hermanos comen más que yo.

A

My brothers eat more than I (do).

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21
Q

Verbs with comparisons of inequality:

Arturo duerme menos que su padre.

A

Arturo sleeps less than his father (does).

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22
Q

When making comparisons of equality, use the following two contructions:

tan + (_______ or _______) + como

tanto/a(s) + (__________ or __________) + como

A

adjective; adverb

singular noun; plural noun

23
Q

These are constructions of __________:

tan + (adjective or adverb) + como

tanto/a(s) + (singular noun or plural noun) + como

24
Q

For constructions of equality, use tan with __________ and __________, and tanto/a(s) with __________ and __________.

A

adjective; adverb; singular noun; plural noun

25
Unlike tan, tanto acts as a(n) __________ and therefore agrees in number and gender with the noun it modifies.
adjective
26
Comparisons of equality: Estas uvas son tan ricas como aqéllas.
These grapes are as tasty as those (ones are).
27
Comparisons of equality: Yo probé tantos platos como él.
I tried as many dishes as he (did).
28
Tan and tanto can also be used for __________, rather than to compare, with these meanings: tan _______ tanto _______ tantos/as _______
emphasis; so; so much; so many
29
Comparisons of equality used for emphasis: ¡Tu almuerzo es tan grande!
Your lunch is so big!
30
Comparisons of equality used for emphasis: ¡Comes tantas manzanas!
You eat so many apples!
31
Comparisons of equality used for emphasis: ¡Comes tanto!
You eat so much!
32
Comparisons of equality used for emphasis: ¡Preparan tantos platos!
They prepare so many dishes!
33
Comparisons of equality with verbs are formed by placing __________ after the verb. Note that in this construction _______ does not change in number or gender.
tanto como; tanto (verb) + tanto como
34
Comparisons of equality with verbs: (verb) + __________
tanto como
35
Comparisons of equality with verbs: Tú viajas tanto como mi tía.
You travel as much as my aunt (does).
36
Comparisons of equality with verbs: Ellos hablan tanto como mis hermanas.
They talk as much as my sisters.
37
Comparisons of equality with verbs: Sabemos tanto como ustedes.
We know as much as you (do).
38
Comparisons of equality with verbs: No estudio tanto como Felipe.
I don't study as much as Felipe (does).
39
For irregular comparisons, some adjectives have __________ comparative forms.
irregular
40
Irregular comparative form of some adjectives: _______ : _______ :: good : better
bueno/a : meyor
41
Irregular comparative form of some adjectives: _______ : _______ :: bad : worse
malo/a : peor
42
Irregular comparative form of some adjectives: _______ : _______ :: big : bigger
grande : mayor
43
Irregular comparative form of some adjectives: _______ : _______ :: small : smaller
pequeño/a : menor
44
Irregular comparative form of some adjectives: _______ : _______ :: young : younger
joven : menor
45
Irregular comparative form of some adjectives: _______ : _______ :: old : older
viejo/a : mayor
46
When grande and pequeño/a refer to _______, the irregular comparative forms, mayor and menor, are used. However, when these adjectives refer to _______, the regular forms, más grande and más pequeño/a, are used.
age; size
47
Irregular comparative form of some adjectives: Yo soy menor que tú.
I'm younger than you.
48
Irregular comparative form of some adjectives: Pedí un plato más pequeño.
I ordered a smaller dish.
49
Irregular comparative form of some adjectives: Nuestro hijo es mayor que el hijo de los Andrade.
Our son is older than the Andrades' son.
50
Irregular comparative form of some adjectives: La ensalada de Isabel es más grande que ésa.
Isabel's salad is bigger than that one.
51
Irregular comparative form of some adverbs: The adverbs bien and mal have the same irregular comparative forms as the adjectives _______ and _______.
bueno/a; malo/a
52
Irregular comparative form of some adverbs: Julio nada mejor que los otros chicos.
Julio swims better than the other boys.
53
Irregular comparative form of some adverbs: Ellas cantan peor que las otras chicas.
They sing worse than the other girls.