8.2 Molar Endo Access

Question 1

what are the biological objectives of endodontic treatment

Answer 1

• confine (instrumentation to within the root canal)
• prevent (extrusion of necrotic debris in the periapical tissues)
• remove (all vital and necrotic tissue from the root canal system)
• attempt (to complete all cleaning and shaping in 1 visit)
• create (sufficient space and taper for irrigation and placement of inter- appointment medicament)

Question 2

what is type I of vertucci’s canal configurations?

Answer 2

Type I is a complete single canal with one foramen.

Question 3

What vertucci canal configuration is this?

Answer 3

Type I

Question 4

What vertucci canal configuration is this?

Answer 4

Type II

Question 5

What vertucci canal configuration is this?

Answer 5

Type III

Question 6

What vertucci canal configuration is this?

Answer 6

Type IV

Question 7

What vertucci canal configuration is this?

Answer 7

Type V

Question 8

What vertucci canal configuration is this?

Answer 8

Type VI

Question 9

What vertucci canal configuration is this?

Answer 9

Type VII

Question 10

What vertucci canal configuration is this?

Answer 10

Type VIII

Question 11

usually how far is the pulpal floor to the furcation?

Answer 11

3mm

Question 12

for mandibular molars what is the average pulp chamber height

Answer 12

1.5mm

Question 13

for maxillary molars what is the average pulp chamber height?

Answer 13

2mm

Question 14

what is the average height from the pulp chamber roof to the buccal cusp

Answer 14

6mm

Question 15

what are the typical roots of the first maxillary molar - and root canals?

Answer 15

3 roots - palatal, mesiobuccal and distobuccal
3/4 root canals (extra canal in the mesiobuccal root)

Question 16

where is the extra root canal found in the maxillary first molar

Answer 16

mesiobuccal root

Question 17

is there more variability of anatomy in the 2nd and 3rd molars or the 1st molar?

Answer 17

2nd and 3rd have more variability

Question 18

how many canals are usually found in the second maxillary molar?

Answer 18

3 (56.9%) but always look for 4 (22.7%) usually found in 3 roots

Question 19

how many roots does the mandibular first molar have?

Answer 19

usually 2

Question 20

how many root canals are usually found in mandibular first molars?

Answer 20

mesial root has 2 canals
distal root has 1 or 2
so always look for 4 in total

Question 21

what is the name for a mandibular molar having an additional root located lingually?

Answer 21

radix entomolaris

Question 22

what is the name for a mandibular molar having an additional root located buccally?

Answer 22

radix paramolaris

Question 23

how many roots/root canals are found in a mandibular second molar?

Answer 23

usually 2 rooots with 3 root canals (2 in mesial root and 1 in distal root) - but always look for 4 root canals

Question 24

what shape of access cavity do you want for maillary molars?

Answer 24

blunted triangle outline with the base of the triangle towards the buccal and the apex towards the lingual

Question 25

what shape of access cavity do you normally want to cut for mandibular molars?

Answer 25

rhomboid shape to allow for exploration of second distal canal access cavity within mesial half of the tooth but extended as far distally as necessary to allow ease of positioning instruments

Question 26

what half of the tooth do you normally want to keep the access cavity on molar teeth?

Answer 26

mesial half of the tooth

Question 27

what are the potential consequences of inadequate openings on access cavities?

Answer 27

- compromised cleaning and shaping of canals - compromised instrumentation - coronal discolouration - prevents good obturation - instrument breakage - perforation - ledging