8.2 Key Terms Flashcards
Blind Spot
The small circular area in the retina where the optic nerve enters the eye that is devoid of rods and cones and is insensitive to light.
Brain Stem
The part of the brain connecting the spinal cord with the forebrain and cerebrum.
Central Nervous System
The part of the nervous system which in vertebrates consists of the brain and spinal cord, to which sensory impulses are transmitted and from which motor impulses pass out , and which supervises and coordinates the activity of the entire nervous system
Cerebellum
A large projecting part of the brain concerned especially with the coordination of muscles and the maintenance of bodily equilibrium, situated between the brain stem and the back of the cerebrum.
cerebrum
The integrating center for memory, learning, emotions, and other highly complex function of the central nervous system composed of right and left hemispheres.
Chromosome
Any of the usually linear bodies in the cell nucleus that contain the genetic material.
Deoxyribonucleic Acid (DNA)
A double-stranded, helical nucleic acid molecule that determines the inherited structure of a cell’s proteins.
Dominant Trait
A genetic trait is considered dominant if it is expressed in a person who has only one copy of the gene associated with the trait.
Gel Electrophoresis
The separation of nucleic acids or proteins, on the basis of their size and electrical charge, by measuring their rate of movement through an electrical field in a gel.
Gene
The separation of nucleic acids or proteins, on the basis of their size and electrical charge, by measuring their rate of movement through an electrical field in a gel.
Mutation
A rare change in the DNA of a gene, ultimately creating genetic diversity.
Nervous System
The bodily system that in vertebrates is made up of the brain and spinal cord, nerves, ganglia, and parts of the receptor organs and that receives and interprets stimuli and transmits impulses to the effector organs.
Neuron
A nerve cell; the fundamental unit of the nervous system.
Noise Induced Hearing Loss
Either of the pair of sensory nerves that comprise the second pair of cranial nerves, arise from the ventral part of the diencephalon, form an optic chiasma before passing to the eye and spreading over the anterior surface of the retina, and conduct visual stimuli to the brain.
Pedigree
A diagram of a family tree showing the occurrence of heritable characters in parents and offspring over multiple generations.
