Brainscape's Knowledge GenomeTM

Browse over 1 million classes created by top students, professors, publishers, and experts.


See full index

8.2 Enterobacteriaceae > 8.2 Enterobacteriaceae > Flashcards

8.2 Enterobacteriaceae Flashcards

1
Q

Biochemically, Enterobacteriaceae species are gram-negative rods that:

A. Ferment glucose, reduce nitrate to nitrite, and are oxidase negative
B. Ferment glucose, produce indophenol oxidase, and form gas
C. Ferment lactose and reduce nitrite to nitrogen gas
D. Ferment lactose and produce indophenol oxidase

A

A. Ferment glucose, reduce nitrate to nitrite, and are oxidase negative

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

The ortho-nitrophenyl-β-galactopyranoside (ONPG) test is most useful when
differentiating:

A. Salmonella spp. from Pseudomonas spp.
B. Shigella spp. from some strains of Escherichia coli
C. Klebsiella spp. from Enterobacter spp.
D. Proteus vulgaris from Salmonella spp.

A

B. Shigella spp. from some strains of Escherichia coli

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

The Voges-Proskauer (VP) test detects which end product of glucose fermentation?

A. Acetoin
B. Nitrite
C. Acetic acid
D. Hydrogen sulfide

A

A. Acetoin

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

At which pH does the methyl red (MR) test become positive?

A. 7.0
B. 6.5
C. 6.0
D. 4.5

A

D. 4.5

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q
  1. A positive Simmons citrate test is seen as a:

A. Blue color in the medium after 24 hours of incubation at 35°C
B. Red color in the medium after 18 hours of incubation at 35°C
C. Yellow color in the medium after 24 hours of incubation at 35°C
D. Green color in the medium after 18 hours of incubation at 35°C

A

A. Blue color in the medium after 24 hours of incubation at 35°C

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

In the test for urease production, ammonia reacts to form which product?

A. Ammonium citrate
B. Ammonium carbonate
C. Ammonium oxalate
D. Ammonium nitrate

A

B. Ammonium carbonate

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

Which of the following reagents is added to detect the production of indole?

A. p-Dimethylaminobenzaldehyde
B. Bromcresol purple
C. Methyl red
D. Cytochrome oxidase

A

A. p-Dimethylaminobenzaldehyde

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

Decarboxylation of the amino acids lysine, ornithine, and arginine results in the
formation of:

A. Ammonia
B. Urea
C. Carbonate
D. Amines

A

D. Amines

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

Lysine iron agar (LIA) showing a purple slant and a blackened butt indicates:

A. Escherichia coli
B. Citrobacter spp.
C. Salmonella spp.
D. Proteus spp.

A

C. Salmonella spp.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

Putrescine is an alkaline amine product of which bacterial enzyme?

A. Arginine decarboxylase
B. Phenylalanine deaminase
C. Ornithine decarboxylase
D. Lysine decarboxylase

A

C. Ornithine decarboxylase

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

Which genera are positive for phenylalanine deaminase?

A. Enterobacter, Escherichia, and Salmonella
B. Morganella, Providencia, and Proteus
C. Klebsiella and Enterobacter
D. Proteus, Escherichia, and Shigella

A

B. Morganella, Providencia, and Proteus

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

Kligler iron agar (KIA) differs from triple-sugar iron agar (TSI) in the:

A. Ratio of lactose to glucose
B. Ability to detect H2S production
C. Use of sucrose in the medium
D. Color reaction denoting production of acid

A

C. Use of sucrose in the medium

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

The malonate test is most useful in differentiating which members of the
Enterobacteriaceae family?

A. Shigella
B. Proteus
C. Salmonella subgroups 2, 3 (the former Arizona)
D. Serratia

A

C. Salmonella subgroups 2, 3 (the former Arizona)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

Which genera of the Enterobacteriaceae family are known to cause diarrhea and are
considered enteric pathogens?

A. Enterobacter, Klebsiella, Providencia, and Proteus
B. Escherichia, Salmonella, Shigella, and Yersinia
C. Pseudomonas, Moraxella, Acinetobacter, and Aeromonas
D. Enterobacter, Citrobacter, and Morganella

A

B. Escherichia, Salmonella, Shigella, and Yersinia

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

An isolate of E. coli recovered from the stool of a patient with severe bloody diarrhea
should be tested for which sugar before sending it to a reference laboratory for
serotyping?

A. Sorbitol (fermentation)
B. Mannitol (oxidation)
C. Raffinose (fermentation)
D. Sucrose (fermentation)

A

A. Sorbitol (fermentation)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

Care must be taken when identifying biochemical isolates of Shigella because
serological cross reactions occur with:

A. Escherichia coli
B. Salmonella spp.
C. Pseudomonas spp.
D. Proteus spp.

A

A. Escherichia coli

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
17
Q

Which species of Shigella is most commonly associated with diarrheal disease in the
United States?

A. Shigella dysenteriae
B. Shigella flexneri
C. Shigella boydii
D. Shigella sonnei

A

D. Shigella sonnei

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
18
Q

Which of the following tests best differentiates Shigella species from E. coli?

A. H2S, VP, citrate, and urease
B. Lactose, indole, ONPG, and motility
C. Hydrogen sulfide, MR, citrate, and urease
D. Gas, citrate, and VP

A

B. Lactose, indole, ONPG, and motility

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
19
Q

Which genera of Enterobacteriaceae are usually nonmotile at 36°C?

A. Shigella, Klebsiella, and Yersinia
B. Escherichia, Edwardsiella, and Enterobacter
C. Proteus, Providencia, and Salmonella
D. Serratia, Morganella, and Hafnia

A

A. Shigella, Klebsiella, and Yersinia

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
20
Q

Fever, abdominal cramping, watery stools, and fluid and electrolyte loss preceded by
bloody stools 2 to 3 days before is characteristic of shigellosis but may also result from
infection with:

A. Campylobacter spp.
B. Salmonella spp.
C. Proteus spp.
D. Yersinia spp.

A

A. Campylobacter spp.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
21
Q

Cold enrichment of feces (incubation at 4°C) in phosphate-buffered saline prior to
subculture onto enteric media enhances the recovery of:

A. Enterotoxigenic Escherichia coli
B. Salmonella paratyphi
C. Hafnia alvei
D. Yersinia enterocolitica

A

D. Yersinia enterocolitica

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
22
Q

Which group of tests, along with colonial morphology on primary media, aids most in
the rapid identification of Enterobacteriaceae?

A. MR and VP, urease, and blood agar plate
B. Phenylalanine deaminase, urease, and CDC agar plate
C. Bacitracin, β-lactamase, and MacConkey agar plate
D. Indole, oxidase, MacConkey, and blood agar plates

A

D. Indole, oxidase, MacConkey, and blood agar plates

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
23
Q

A routine, complete stool culture procedure should include media for the isolation of E.
coli O157:H7 as well as:

A. Salmonella, Shigella, Yersinia, Campylobacter, and Staphylococcus aureus
B. Vibrio cholerae, Brucella, and Yersinia spp.
C. Staphylococcus aureus, group B streptococci, and group D streptococci
D. Clostridium difficile, Clostridium perfringens, and Yersinia spp.

A

A. Salmonella, Shigella, Yersinia, Campylobacter, and Staphylococcus aureus

24
Q

Which group of tests best identifies the Morganella and Proteus genera?

A. Motility, urease, and phenylalanine deaminase
B. Malonate, glucose fermentation, and deoxyribonuclease (DNase)
C. Indole, oxidase, MR, and VP
D. Indole, citrate, and urease

A

A. Motility, urease, and phenylalanine deaminase

25
Q

Which group of tests best differentiates Enterobacter aerogenes from Edwardsiella
tarda?

A. Motility, citrate, and urease
B. H2S production, sucrose fermentation, indole, and VP
C. Lysine decarboxylase, urease, and arginine dihydrolase
D. Motility, H2S production, and DNase

A

B. H2S production, sucrose fermentation, indole, and VP

25
Q

Cronobacter sakazakii (formerly Enterobacter sakazakii) can best be differentiated from
Enterobacter cloacae by which of the following characteristics?

A. Yellow pigmentation and negative sorbitol fermentation
B. Pink pigmentation and positive arginine dihydrolase
C. Yellow pigmentation and positive urease
D. H2S production on TSI

A

A. Yellow pigmentation and negative sorbitol fermentation

26
Q

Members of the genus Cedecea are best differentiated from Serratia spp. by which test
result?

A. Positive motility
B. Positive urease
C. Positive phenylalanine deaminase
D. Negative DNase

A

D. Negative DNase

27
Q

Which of the following organisms is often confused with the Salmonella species
biochemically and on plated media?

A. Escherichia coli
B. Citrobacter freundii
C. Enterobacter cloacae
D. Shigella dysenteriae

A

B. Citrobacter freundii

28
Q

A gram-negative rod is recovered from a catheterized urine sample from a nursing
home patient. The lactose-negative isolate tested positive for indole, urease, ornithine
decarboxylase, and phenylalanine deaminase and negative for H2S. The most probable
identification is:

A. Edwardsiella spp.
B. Morganella spp.
C. Ewingella spp.
D. Shigella spp.

A

B. Morganella spp.

29
Q

Which single test best separates Klebsiella oxytoca from K. pneumoniae?

A. Urease
B. Sucrose
C. Citrate
D. Indole

A

D. Indole

30
Q

Which of the following organisms, found in normal fecal flora, may be mistaken
biochemically for the genus Yersinia?

A. Klebsiella spp.
B. Proteus spp.
C. Escherichia coli
D. Enterobacter spp.

A

B. Proteus spp.

31
Q

Why might it be necessary for both pink (lactose-positive) and colorless (lactosenegative) colonies from an initial stool culture on MacConkey agar to be subcultured
and tested further for possible pathogens?

A. Most Shigella strains are lactose positive
B. Most Salmonella strains are maltose negative
C. Most Proteus spp. are lactose negative
D. Pathogenic Escherichia coli can be lactose positive or lactose negative

A

D. Pathogenic Escherichia coli can be lactose positive or lactose negative

32
Q

Which agar that is used for routine stool cultures is the medium of choice for the
isolation of Yersinia strains from stool specimens?

A. Salmonella–Shigella agar
B. Hektoen enteric agar
C. MacConkey agar
D. CNA agar

A

C. MacConkey agar

33
Q

Which organism is sometimes mistaken for Salmonella and will agglutinate in
Salmonella polyvalent antiserum?

A. Citrobacter freundii strains
B. Proteus mirabilis strains
C. Shigella sonnei strains
D. Escherichia coli

A

A. Citrobacter freundii strains

34
Q

A bloody stool cultured from a 26-year-old woman after 3 days of severe diarrhea
showed the following results at 48 hours after being plated on the following media:
MacConkey agar: Little normal flora with many non–lactose-fermenting colonies
Hektoen enteric agar: Many blue-green colonies
Campylobacter blood agar and C. difficile agar: No growth
Clear colonies (from MacConkey agar): Negative for oxidase, indole, urease, motility, and
H2S
The most likely identification is:

A. Shigella spp.
B. Salmonella spp.
C. Proteus spp.
D. Escherichia coli

A

A. Shigella spp.

35
Q

Which one of the following organisms (are) is generally positive for β-glycosidase
(utilizes lactose)?

A. Salmonella spp.
B. Shigella spp.
C. Proteus spp.
D. Escherichia coli

A

D. Escherichia coli

36
Q

In the Kauffmann-White schema, the combined antigens used for serological
identification of the Salmonella spp. are:

A. O antigens
B. H antigens
C. Vi and H antigens
D. O, Vi, and H antigens

A

D. O, Vi, and H antigens

37
Q

The drugs of choice for treatment of infections with Enterobacteriaceae are:

A. Aminoglycosides, sulfamethoxazole-trimethoprim, third-generation cephalosporins
B. Ampicillin and nalidixic acid
C. Streptomycin and isoniazid (isonicotinylhydrazide [INH])
D. Chloramphenicol, ampicillin, and colistin

A

A. Aminoglycosides, sulfamethoxazole-trimethoprim, third-generation cephalosporins

38
Q

The Shiga-like toxin (verotoxin) is produced mainly by which Enterobacteriaceae
species?

A. Klebsiella pneumoniae
B. Escherichia coli
C. Salmonella typhimurium
D. Enterobacter cloacae

A

B. Escherichia coli

39
Q

Infections caused by Y. pestis are rare in the United States. Those cases that do occur
are most frequently located in which region?

A. New Mexico, Arizona, and California
B. Alaska, Oregon, and Utah
C. North and South Carolina and Virginia
D. Ohio, Michigan, and Indiana

A

A. New Mexico, Arizona, and California

40
Q

A leg culture from a nursing home patient grew gram-negative rods on MacConkey
agar as pink to dark pink oxidase-negative colonies. Given the following results, which is
the most likely organism?
TSI = A/A Indole = Neg MR = Neg
VP = + Citrate = + H2S = Neg
Urease = + Motility = Neg
Antibiotic susceptibility: Resistant to carbenicillin and ampicillin

A. Serratia marcescens
B. Proteus vulgaris
C. Enterobacter cloacae
D. Klebsiella pneumoniae

A

D. Klebsiella pneumoniae

41
Q

Four blood cultures were taken over a 24-hour period from a 20-year-old woman with
severe diarrhea. The cultures grew motile (room temperature), gram-negative rods. A
urine specimen obtained via catheterization also showed gram-negative rods (100,000
col/mL). Given the following results, which is the most likely organism?
TSI = A/A gas Indole = +
VP = Neg MR = +
H2S = Neg Citrate = Neg
Urease = Neg Lysine decarboxylase = +
(PD) Phenylalanine deaminase = Neg

A. Proteus vulgaris
B. Salmonella typhi
C. Yersinia enterocolitica
D. Escherichia coli

A

D. Escherichia coli

42
Q

A stool culture from a 30-year-old man suffering from bloody mucoid diarrhea gave the
following results on differential enteric media:
MacConkey agar = clear colonies
XLD agar = clear colonies
Hektoen agar = green colonies
Salmonella–Shigella agar = small, clear colonies
Which tests are most appropriate for identification of this enteric pathogen?

A. TSI, motility, indole, urease, Shigella typing with polyvalent sera
B. TSI, motility, indole, lysine, Salmonella typing with polyvalent sera
C. TSI, indole, MR, VP, citrate
D. TSI, indole, MR, and urease

A

A. TSI, motility, indole, urease, Shigella typing with polyvalent sera

43
Q

A leg-wound culture from a hospitalized 70-year-old man with diabetes grew motile,
lactose-negative colonies on MacConkey agar. Given the following biochemical reactions
at 24 hours, what is the most probable organism?
H2S (TSI) = Neg Indole = Neg
MR = Neg VP = +
DNase = + Citrate = +
Urease = Neg
(PD) Phenylalanine deaminase = Neg
Ornithine and lysine decarboxylase = +
Arginine decarboxylase = Neg
Gelatin hydrolysis = +

A. Proteus vulgaris
B. Serratia marcescens
C. Proteus mirabilis
D. Enterobacter cloacae

A

B. Serratia marcescens

44
Q

Three blood culture specimens taken from a 30-year-old patient with cancer receiving
chemotherapy and admitted with a urinary tract infection (UTI) grew lactose-negative,
motile, gram-negative rods prior to antibiotic therapy. Given the following biochemical
reactions, which is the most likely organism?
H2S (TSI) = + Indole = + MR = +
VP = Neg Citrate = Neg Urease = +
DNase = + (PD) Phenylalanine deaminase = +
Gelatin hydrolysis = +
Ornithine decarboxylase = Neg

A. Proteus vulgaris
B. Proteus mirabilis
C. Serratia marcescens
D. Klebsiella pneumoniae

A

A. Proteus vulgaris

45
Q

Three consecutive stool cultures from a 25-year-old male patient produced scant
normal fecal flora on MacConkey and Hektoen agars. However, colonies on CIN agar
displayed “bull’s eye” colonies after 48 hours of incubation. The patient had been
suffering from enterocolitis with fever, diarrhea, and abdominal pain for 2 days. What
is the most likely identification of this gram-negative rod?

A. Escherichia coli
B. Proteus mirabilis
C. Yersinia enterocolitica
D. Klebsiella pneumoniae

A

C. Yersinia enterocolitica

46
Q

A 6-year-old female patient was admitted to the hospital following 2 days of severe
diarrhea. Cultures from three consecutive stool samples contained blood and mucus.
Patient history revealed that she had eaten a hamburger at a fast-food restaurant 3
days earlier. Which pathogen is most likely responsible for the following results?
Growth on:
XLD agar = Yellow colonies
HE agar = Yellow colonies
Mac agar = Light pink and dark pink colonies
Mac with sorbitol agar = Few dark pink and many colorless colonies

A. Salmonella spp.
B. Shigella spp.
C. Escherichia coli O157:H7
D. Yersinia enterocolitica

A

C. Escherichia coli O157:H7

47
Q

Following a 2-week camping trip to the southwest United States, a 65-year-old male
patient was hospitalized with a high fever and an inflammatory swelling of the axilla
and groin lymph nodes. Several blood cultures were obtained, and cultures showed
growth of gram-negative rods resembling “closed safety pins.” The organism grew on
MacConkey agar showing non–lactose-fermenting colonies. Testing demonstrated a
nonmotile rod that was biochemically inert. What is the most likely pathogen identified?

A. Yersinia pestis
B. Klebsiella pneumoniae
C. Proteus vulgaris
D. Morganella morgani

A

A. Yersinia pestis

48
Q

The majority of clinical laboratories with a microbiology department should have the
capability of serotyping which pathogenic Enterobacteriaceae species?

A. Yersinia enterocolitica, Shigella spp.
B. Escherichia coli O157:H7, Salmonella spp., Shigella spp.
C. Yersinia pestis, Salmonella spp.
D. Edwardsiella spp., Salmonella spp.

A

B. Escherichia coli O157:H7, Salmonella spp., Shigella spp.

49
Q

Direct spread of pneumonic plague disease occurs by which route?

A. Fecal–oral route
B. Rat bite
C. Ingestion of contaminated tissue
D. Inhalation of contaminated airborne droplets

A

D. Inhalation of contaminated airborne droplets

49
Q

Which isolates of the Enterobacteriaceae family most commonly produce extendedspectrum β-lactamase (ESBL)?

A. Escherichia coli and Klebsiella pneumoniae
B. Yersinia enterocolitica and Yersinia pestis
C. Morganella morganii and Proteus vulgaris
D. Salmonella typhi and Shigella sonnei

A

A. Escherichia coli and Klebsiella pneumoniae

50
Q

Additional methods of definitive identification for the Enterobacteriaceae family
include which of the following:

A. Matrix-assisted laser desorption ionization time-of-flight mass spectrometry (MALDITOF-MS)
B. Serodiagnosis
C. Nucleic acid–based studies
D. All of the above

A

D. All of the above

51
Q

Which of the following Shigella spp. serotypes is the most often isolated in the United
States?

A. Serotype A (Shigella dysenteriae)
B. Serotype B (Shigella flexneri)
C. Serotype C (Shigella boydii)
D. Serotype D (Shigella sonnei)

A

D. Serotype D (Shigella sonnei)

52
Q

Which organism is transmitted by ingesting undercooked ground beef or raw milk
resulting in inflammation and bleeding of the mucosa of the large intestine (i.e.,
hemorrhagic colitis) which can also lead to hemolytic uremic syndrome (HUS) ?

A. Escherichia coli (STEC)—Shiga toxin
B. Escherichia coli (ETEC)—enterotoxigenic
C. Escherichia coli (EAEC)—enteroaggregative
D. Proteus mirabilis

A

A. Escherichia coli (STEC)—Shiga toxin

53
Q

This organism is transmitted by ingesting contaminated fresh water and/or shell fish,
resulting in watery, dysentery-like stools and chronic diarrhea. Culture on stool media
and initial testing show the following results:
MacConkey agar = Both lactose-fermenting and non–lactose-fermenting colonies
Sheep blood agar = Nonhemolytic, shiny, opaque, smooth, nonspreading
Oxidase = + DNase = Neg String test = Neg
The most likely preliminary identification is?

A. Proteus vulgaris
B. Escherichia coli
C. Salmonella spp.
D. Plesiomonas shigelloides

A

D. Plesiomonas shigelloides

8.2 Enterobacteriaceae (1 decks)

Brainscape helps you reach your goals faster, through stronger study habits.
© 2024 Bold Learning Solutions. Terms and Conditions