8.2 Flashcards
Blind spot
The small circular area in the retina where the optic nerve enters the eye that is devoid of rods and cones and is insensitive to light.
Brain stem
The part of the brain connecting the spinal cord with the forebrain and cerebrum
Central nervous system
The complex of nerve tissues that controls the activities of the body. In vertebrates it comprises the brain and spinal cord
Cerebellum
the part of the brain at the back of the skull in vertebrates. Its function is to coordinate and regulate muscular activity.
Cerebrum
the principal and most anterior part of the brain in vertebrates, located in the front area of the skull and consisting of two hemispheres, left and right, separated by a fissure. It is responsible for the integration of complex sensory and neural functions and the initiation and coordination of voluntary activity in the body.
Chromosome
Any of the usually linear bodies in the cell nucleus that contain the genetic material.
Deoxyribonucleic acid
A double stranded, helical nucleic acid molecule that determines the inherited structure of a cells proteins.
Dominant trait
A genetic trait is considered dominant if it is expressed in a person who has only one copy of the gene associated with the trait.
Gel electrophoresis
The separation of nucleic acids or proteins, on the basis of their size and electrical charge, by measuring their rate of movement through an electrical field in a gel.
Gene
A discrete unit of hereditary information consisting of a specific nucleotide sequence in DNA.
Mutation
A rare change in the DNA of a gene, ultimately creating genetic diversity.
Nervous system
the network of nerve cells and fibers that transmits nerve impulses between parts of the body.
Neuron
A nerve cell; the fundamental unit of the nervous system.
Noise-induced hearing loss
Hearing loss or impairment resulting from exposure to loud sound.
Optic nerve
each of the second pair of cranial nerves, transmitting impulses to the brain from the retina at the back of the eye.
