8.1 Physics Flashcards

1
Q

What is the SI system based on?

A

The metric system, must be used by law throughout the world

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2
Q

What are the fundamental units in physics/aerodynamics?

A

Mass
Length
Time
Temperature

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3
Q

What is mass measured in

A

Kilograms (KG)

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4
Q

What is the mass of 1KG defined by

A

A piece of platinum alloy at the office of weights, Paris.

Volume of 1L of pure water at 4 degrees Celsius

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5
Q

How is length measured

A

Meters (M)

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6
Q

What is light defined as

A

A fraction of unchangeable speed of light

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7
Q

What is the unit measure of temperature

A

Kelvin (K)

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8
Q

What are the 6 basic fundamental quantities

A
Speed
Acceleration 
Power 
Pressure
Force
Work
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9
Q

What is speed

A

A distance an object covers over a unit of time

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10
Q

What is acceleration

A

Time change takes place

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11
Q

What is acceleration denoted by

A

M/s squared

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12
Q

What is speed denoted by

A

V (velocity)

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13
Q

What is acceleration due to gravity denoted by

A

g

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14
Q

What is the average acceleration due to gravity

A

9.81 meters/second squared

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15
Q

What is weight measured in

A

N (newtons)

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16
Q

What is Newton’s second law

A

F=MA

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17
Q

What is work done

A

An object moved over a distance

Work=NM
Work = force x distance

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18
Q

What is work done denoted by

A

Joule (j) also measured in newton meters

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19
Q

What is power

A

Work over time or more specifically

Time

20
Q

How is power measured

A

Watts ( also n/m per second)

21
Q

What is pressure

A

Pressure = force
——-
Area

22
Q

What is pressure donated by

A

A small p ( measured in newton per square meter)

23
Q

How is static pressure calculated

A

Height x density x gravity

24
Q

Which way does dynamic pressure act

A

The direction of the flow

25
Q

How is dynamic pressure calculated

A

1/2 density x V squared

26
Q

What is dynamic pressure denoted by

A

Small q

27
Q

What is 1 bar equal to in pascal

A

100,000

28
Q

How is static pressure denoted for aircraft technical systems

A

Bar/ deca newtons per square centimetre

29
Q

What is the speed of sound denoted by

A

a

30
Q

Sound waves are the same as what

A

Pressure waves

31
Q

Is the speed of sound higher or lower at low temperatures

A

Lower

32
Q

What are the 3 main categories of aircraft speed

A

Subsonic
Transonic
Supersonic

33
Q

What is the Mach number used for

A

Keep the pilot informed of the relationship between the speed of the aircraft and the speed of sound.

34
Q

What is the equation of Mach number

A

Speed of sound

35
Q

What is the lowest layer in the atmosphere

A

Troposphere

36
Q

What atmospheric layer would you find rain clouds

A

Troposphere

37
Q

What is the tropopause

A

The boundary layer between the troposphere and stratosphere

38
Q

What is the stratosphere

A

Atmospheric layer above the troposphere - no rain clouds are found here

Temp does not change as altitude increases

39
Q

What are the heights is the tropopause over the

  • north/ south poles
  • equator
A
  • 8KM over north and south poles

- 16KM over equator

40
Q

What variables can vary in the troposphere

A

Temperature, pressure, density

41
Q

A standard atmosphere was introduced by who

A

ICAO

42
Q

Standard altitude of tropopause above earth is?

A

11KM

43
Q

Does temperature change at all in the tropopause

A

Yes, at the rate of 6.5 degrees per KM

-56.5 at height of tropopause

No temp change in stratosphere

44
Q

What usually decreases with altitude

A

Density and pressure

45
Q

What are density, temperature, pressure at sea level

A

Temp - 288k
Density - 1.225 kg/m cubed
Pressure - 1013.25 hecto pascal