8.1 Origins of genetic variation

Question 1

How do mutations result in variation?

Answer 1

Alteration to the DNA base sequence

Question 2

How does random assortment and crossing over result in variation?

Answer 2

New combinations of alleles in genes

Question 3

When does random assortment occur?

Answer 3

Prophase I

Question 4

How does random fertilisation introduce variation?

Answer 4

The combination of gametes that fuse to form the zygote is random

Question 5

Define phenotype

Answer 5

All the physical and biochemical characteristics in an organism
Determined by genotype but also influenced by environment

Question 6

Define genotype

Answer 6

All the genetic information in an organism

Question 7

Define codominance

Answer 7

Multiple alleles are expressed and act together

Question 8

What does the term ‘multiple alleles’ mean

Answer 8

More than two possible versions of an allele

Question 9

What is autosomal gene linkage?

Answer 9

Alleles are in the same chromosome
THey are linked and are inherited together