8.1 Group Psychology Flashcards
Actions and behaviors that individuals are conscious of and performing because others are around.
Social action
The tendency for people to perform better on simple tasks when in the presence of others is known as _____ _____.
Social facilitation
Which law of social facilitation suggests that, when in the presence of others, people perform better on familiar tasks and worse on unfamiliar tasks?
Yerkes-Dodson law of social facilitation
This term refers to the tendency for individual behavior to be dramatically different in social environments, partly due to the anonymity provided by the presence of a large group.
Deindividuation
Behavior against the norm is referred to as _____ behavior.
Antinormative
The _____ _____ is a phenomenon that occurs in social groups wherein individuals do not intervene to help victims when others are present.
Bystander effect
The tendency of individuals to put in less effort when in a group setting than individually is referred to as _____ _____.
Social loafing
The social influence placed on an individual by a group of people or another individual is referred to as _____ _____.
Peer pressure
What’s the term for individuals who are equals within a social group?
Peers
The simultaneous presence of two opposing thoughts or opinions is called _____ _____.
Cognitive dissonance
In contrast to social action, social _____ explores the ways in which two or more individuals can both shape each other’s behavior.
Interaction
A jury has decided to award punitive damages that far exceed an amount that any individual member would have recommended. This is an example of _____ ______.
Group polarization. It is the tendency for groups to make decisions that are more extreme than the individual ideas and inclinations of the members within the group. When a group shifts towards caution, is is called a choice shift.
This terms refers to a social phenomenon in which desire for harmony or conformity results in a group of people coming to an incorrect or poor decision.
Groupthink
(GROUPTHINK FACTOR) Illusion of _____: the creation of optimism and the encouragement of risk-taking.
Invulnerability
(GROUPTHINK FACTOR) Collective _____: ignoring warnings against the ideas of the group.
Rationalization
(GROUPTHINK FACTOR) Illusion of _____: the belief that the group’s decisions are morally correct.
Morality
(GROUPTHINK FACTOR) _____ stereotyping: the construction of stereotypes against outside opinions.
Excessive
(GROUPTHINK FACTOR) Pressure for _____: the pressure put on anyone in the group who expresses opinions against the group, viewing the opposition as disloyal.
Conformity
(GROUPTHINK FACTOR) Self-_____: the withholding of opposing views.
Censorship
(GROUPTHINK FACTOR) Illusion of _____: the false sense of agreement within the group.
Unanimity
(GROUPTHINK FACTOR) _____: the appointment of members to the role of protecting against opposing views.
Mindguards
A _____ is a behavior that is transiently viewed as popular and desirable by a large community.
Fad
Mass _____ refers to a shared, intense concern about the threats to society.
Hysteria
Cultural _____ is the process by which an individual’s or group’s behavior and culture begin to resemble that of another group.
Assimilation
Ethnic _____ are locations (usually neighborhoods) with a high concentration of one specific ethnicity. These are most common in urban areas.
Enclaves
This term refers to communities or societies containing multiple cultures.
Multiculturalism
In the case of _____, a subculture group gravitates toward an identity that is at odds with the majority culture and deliberately opposes the prevailing social mores.
Counterculture
