8.1 - 8.5 The Earth And Its Rocks Flashcards
8.1 What Is the rock cycle?
How each of the three rock types can be changed into the other types by a variety of processes that occur naturally on the Earth.
8.1 What is erosion?
The broken rock material is transported from one place to another.
8.1 What is deposition?
The broken rock material settles or is buried, it then becomes sediment.
8.1 What is compaction and cementation?
The sediments become packed together, and then chemically bonded together.
8.1 What is melting?
The solid rock is heated until it is molten and then it physical state changes into a liquid called magma.
8.1 What is crystallisation?
This is when the magma cools down turning its physical and chemical state into a solid rock again the crystals form and interlock with each other.
8.1 What is Metamorphism?
When some of the parts are changed by intense heat and/or pressure.
8.2 What are Igneous rocks?
They are rocks that are formed from the molten rocks in the mantle.
8.2 How can you tell a rock is igneous rock?
Igneous rocks are made of interlocking crystals, you can usually infer how an ingenious rocks were formed from the size of its crystals.
8.2 How are Volcanic (extrusive) rocks made?
They are produced from rapidly cooling lava, it can happen just below or on the surface of the Earth.
8.2 How are Plutonic (intrusive) rocks made?
They are produced when magma solidifies slower underneath the Earths surface. These are usually very large and for a common example can be granite, used on bench tops.
8.3 How are sedimentary rocks formed? What are the three types of them?
When sediments are compacted and cemented which occurs during burial or deposition. The three types of sedimentary rocks:
- Clastic
- Chemical
- Biogenic
