8.08.2016 - first lesson Flashcards
What is an atom?
The smallest part of an element that can take part in chemical reactions
What is an element?
A substance that consists of only atoms with the same atomic number
What is a compound?
A substance made up of two or more different elements chemically combined
What is a molecule?
Particle made up of two or more atoms chemically bonded together
What elements are carbohydrates made of?
Carbon
Hydrogen
Oxygen
What elements are lipids made of?
Carbon
Hydrogen
Oxygen
What elements are proteins made up of?
Carbon Hydrogen Oxygen Nitrogen Sulfur
What elements are nucleic acids made up of?
Carbon Hydrogen Oxygen Nitrogen Phosphorus
What is an anion?
A negatively charged ion
What is a cation?
A positively charged ion
What is an anode?
A positively charged electrode
What is a cathode?
A negatively charged electrode
What is an ion?
An atom or molecule in which the total number of electrons is not equal to the total number of protons
What is an ionic bond?
A bond formed as a result of opposite charges
What ions are used in biological processes?
Na^+ for nerve impulse transmission
Ca^2+ for nerve impulse transmission
HCO3^- maintenance of blood pH
What is a monomer?
Individual molecules that make up a polymer
What is a polymer?
A chain made up monomer molecules
What is the monomer and polymer of the following; Carbohydrates, Proteins, Nucleic acids
Carbohydrates
Monomer - simple sugars (monosaccharides) glucose
Polymer - starch (polysaccharides)
Proteins
Monomer - amino acids e.g Arginine
Polymer - Enzymes or polypeptide proteins
Nucleic acids
Monomer - nucleotides e.g. A, G, C, T
Polymer - DNA, RNA
What do the bases A, C, G, T stand for?
Adenine
Cytosine
Guanine
Thymine
