8. Thermal Physics Definitions Flashcards
Define absolute zero
The lowest possible temperature of a system, where no heat remains and the particles in the system have no kinetic energy
Define avogadros constant
The number of particles that make up one mole of any gas
Define Boltzmann constant
A constant relating the average kinetic energy of the particles in a gas, to the gas’ temperature
Define Boyle’s law
The pressure of an ideal gas is inversely proportional to its volume when held at constant temperature
Define Brownian motion
The random motion of particles
Define Charles’ law
The volume of an ideal gas is directly proportional to its absolute temperature when held at constant pressure
Define ideal gas
A gas that meets the ideal gas assumptions. All the gas laws are based on ideal gases
Define internal energy
The sum of the randomly distributed kinetic and potential energies of the particles in a given system
Define the Kelvin scale
Am absolutely temperature scale that starts at absolute zero
Define molar gas constant
A fundamental constant, used in the ideal gas law
Define molar mass
The mass of one mole of the substance in question
Define molecular mass
The mass of one molecule of the substance in question
Define molecular mass
The mass of one molecule of the substance in questions
Define pressure law
The pressure of an ideal gas is directly proportional to its absolute temperature, when the volume is fixed
Define specific heat capacity
The amount of energy required to increase the temperature of 1kg of a substance by 1 kelvin
