8 principles and 6 pathogenic factors Flashcards
pattern differentiations= diagnosis
-the 8 principles
-the 5 elements
-the vital substances
-the zang-fu organs
-pathogenic factors
-the 6 stages
-the 4 levels
-3 jiao (burners)
-the meridians
zang-fu
yin= zang
fu= yang
the 8 principles
-yin-yang (category)
-heat-cold (nature/ property)
-internal-external (location)
-excess-deficiency (strength)
the 5 elements; what are their cycles
-controlling, generating, insulting cycles
the vital substances; 4
qi, blood, body fluids, essence
the zang-fu organs
5 yin and 6 yang orangs, and 6 extraordinary organs
pathogenic factors
wind, cold, heat/fire, dampness, dryness, summer-heat
6 stages
tai yang, yang ming, shoo yang, tai yin, shao yin, jue yin
4 levels
wei, qi, ying, blood
3 jiao (burners)
upper, middle and lower burner
the meridians
energy channels
exterior
-exterior comprise the skin, muscles and channels. space between skin and muscles where Wei Qi and sweat are located and first invaded by external pathogenic factors
-patterns include aversion to cold, ‘fever’, aching body, stiff neck and floating pulse
interior
-when the internal organs are affected. may have arisen from an exterior pathogenic factor, but once the disease penetrates into the interior, it is defined as interior
-treating the internal organ patterns
heat
-feeling hot; fever
-sweating
-thirst
-empty vs full heat? all dependent on if it is a manifestation of excess of yang or if yang is relatively in excess
cold
-feeling of cold
-cold limbs
-absence of thirst
-full or empty-cold? this time depends on yin,. if its in excess or relative excess of yang
excess
-characterized by the presence of a pathogenic factor while upright qi is relatively intact and actively fighting against the pathogenic factor
-pain worse with pressure
-pain is acute in onset
-irritability, restlessness
-strong voice
deficiency
-characterized by emptiness of upright qi and the absence of a pathogenic factor
-empty qi: pale face, weak voice, slight sweating, slight shortness of breath, fatigue, loose stools, poor appetite
-empty yang: bright pale face, cold limbs, absence of thirst, desire for hot drinks, frequent pale urination
-empty yin: heat in the afternoon, dry throat at night, night sweats
-empty blood: dull-pale face, pale lips, dry hair, blurred vision, tiredness, poor memory, insomnia, scanty periods
causes of disease
-disease can be caused by external factors or internal factors
-external factors thought of as pathogens that attack the body from the outside
-internal factors are often from stress and emotional “problems” that can damage individual organ systems, and from organ impairment which leads to lack of functioning
-organ impairment can be caused by diet, drugs, alcohol, medication, overwork, emotional factors, or external pathogens that penetrate into the interior and begin to damage organ systems
what are the 6 external pernicious (pathogenic) influences/factors?
wind
cold
heat
dampness
dryness
summer heat
–> all of them have exterior and interior source except summer heat
wind
-yang in nature
-usually used as a source for other factors to enter
-arises quickly and changes rapidly
-moves around
-lungs are affected first (external wind)
-liver affected for internal wind
-causes tremors or convulsions, stiffness, paralysis
what happens when wind invades muscles and joints?
when wind invades the muscles and channels: stiffness, rigidity, contraction of the muscles with sudden onset
when wind invades the joints: pain that moves from joint to joint, especially the upper part of the body
ddx: wind cold
-the cold piggy backs on wind, wind is the motive force
-aversion to cold/wind
-chills
-sneezing
-cough white discharge
-runny nose with white discharge
-body stiffness and aches
-pulses: maybe floating, but often no change form normal
-tongue: no change from normal
ddx: wind heat
-aversion to wind/heat
-fever
-sneezing
-cough with yellow discharge
-runny nose with yellow mucus
-itchy and/or sore throat
-swollen tonsils, red back of throat
-pulses: maybe superficial, but usually no change
-tongue: no change from normal
internal wind
-tremors, tics
-itchy-lung involved as well because of skin
-severe dizziness, vertigo
-severe cases convulsions, unconsciousness, hemiplegia
-deviation of mouth/tongue
cold
-injures yang
-contracts and congeals
-causes clear discharge
cold
-sleepiness
-severe localized pain improved from heat
-white tongue coating and body discharges
-slow pulse
-craves warmth, aversion to cold, feels cold
-pale complex
-lack of thirst
-loose stool
-clear and profuse urine- “not heat”
-day or night (any at night too much depending on age)
heat
-yang in nature
-blazes upwards
-drying- damages blood and yin
-may cause bleeding
-potential to generate wind when severe
-affects the mind
heat
-high fever, desires cold, aversion to heat, heat sensation
-redness- skin, face, eyes and complexion
-thirst
-constipation (complicated) or foul smelling diarrhea; foul smelling discharge
-scanty, dark yellow urine
-restlessness, irritability
-bleeding symptoms- cough, vomit, nose, gums, urine, stool, skin
-rapid anything- including pulse, breathing rate
-yellow tongue coating (full heat) and other body discharges, red tongue body
dampness
-excess of yin
-from damp environments: clothes, living, wading, diet
-lack of movement
-sticky and difficult to get rid of
-heavy and slow
dampness
-feeling of heaviness, pain or anything worse with damp
-anything swollen and/ or oozing
-no appetite, bloating, made worse with food
-cloudiness of discharges
-pulses: slippery
-tongue: sticky coat and/or fat, swollen tongue
dryness
-usually from very dry and/or hot weather, internal heat, dry warming food and/or herbs, lack of fluid intake, not enough fruits and veggies, salty processed food etc.
-all symptoms are DRY
-internal dryness is a form of yin deficiency without heat signs or symptoms
-can result from heat too
summer heat
-yang in nature
-only in the “summer”
-like a heat stroke
-combo of heat and damp
-usually only encounter in 1st aid situation
summer heat
-aversion to heat
-sweating
-headache
-scanty dark urine
-dry lips
-feeling of heaviness
-irritability
-thirst, no thirst if severe
-pulses: rapid
-tongue: red on the sides and tip
-may see delirium, slurred speech and unconsciousness