8. Pelvis Flashcards
Types of urinary incontinence
“USOFT”
urgency
stress
overflow
functional
total
urgency incontinence
urgency = can’t hold or wait, when you have to go you do
stress incontinence
stress = sneezing, picking up something heavy
overflow incontinence
overflow = when bladder is too full and leaks urine
functional incontinence
functional = difficulty due to non bladder reasons, can hold
urine but can’t get to the bathroom
total incontinence
total = no muscle activity to hold the bladder
Label the bones / bony landmarks of the pelvis
- anteriorly attach at pubic symphysis
- posteriorly they come together and meet sacrum and coccyx (tailbone)
- posteriorly have sacroiliac joint = some movement, but very stable joint without much movement
Label.
What has 3 muscles that make it up and what are they?
PG 155 in study book
- we are only looking at these few pelvic muscles
- levator ani has three muscles that make it up (on slide)
- all these muscles come together to form the pelvic floor
- image is looking down into the pelvic bowl
Bony landmarks: what do the orange areas represent and why are they important?
- orange areas = areas we can palpate and feel
- important areas for fitting wheel chairs
- no muscle over top of the sacrum, boney area that is common spot for skin breakdown especially when they are slouched down (a sacrum sit)
- pelvis can move in three directions (tilts) IN WHICH PLANE??, what are they?
- neutral, anterior or posterior pelvic tilt
describe neutral alignment (no pelvic tilt)
when ASIS and PSIS are level
describe anterior tilt
PSIS higher than ASIS
describe posterior tilt, and a particular concern related to it
ASIS is higher then PSIS meaning coccyx and sacrum are
now weight bearing
- pressure on coccyx and sacrum leads to pressure sores
- posterior pelvic tilt is most common (anytime someone slides in their chair, they go into posterior pelvic tilt)
movement of pelvis: frontal plane
Obliquities, what they look like, how they are named
pelvic obliquity: named based on whichever ASIS is LOWER on either side
- mon the left image, the right ASIS is lower therefore is a right pelvic obliquity
- may lead to skin break down on the side for which its named (right pelvic obliquity, means right side is lower, so right side may be at risk of skin breakdown)
movement of pelvis: Rotation
How it is named, what it looks like
- for rotation we name based on the most POSTERIO side
- on the right image the left ASIS is posterior to the right hence it is left pelvic rotation
