8% Ophthalmic Patient Services and Education Flashcards
Overview of ocular Anatomy
Make sure you know the anatomy and the structures
Anatomy Eyelid
Here is some of your eyelid anatomy, the orbicularis oculi muscle is the one that allows you to squeeze your eyelids closed, we also have eyelashes and hair follicus the subcutaneous tissue that’s underneath the skin that what subcutaneous means, meibomian glands are what can get block and cause chalazions
Anatomy External eye muscles
We have 3 external eye muscles you should be familiar with the frontalis muscle helps raise your eyebrow, the levator muscle is the one that elevates your eyelid the orbicularis oculi is the circular muscle around the eye that lets you squeeze your eyes close
Anatomy lacrimal system
Tears are produced by the lacrimal gland and they’re punctum out through the lower punctum and the nasal lacrimal duct and every time you blink freshly oxygenated tears are pump onto the surface of the eye the blinking action helps produce a nice smooth tear film, the tear film is the first refractive surface of your eye, its the first surface that light ray hit that helps bring light rays on to the retina so its very important to have a good tear film, the tears then migrate nasally out through the lower punctum, the lower canaliculi the lacrimal sac and the nasal lacrimal duct so freshly oxygenated tears are put on the surface of the eye and oxygen depleted debris fields tears are pumped out
Tear film
The tear film has 3 layers the outer most layer is the lipid layer secreated by meibomian glands, this is a layer that prevents evaporation of the tear film so its full of fatty cholesterol esters, the middle layer which is the aqueous layer which is secreated by laxrimal glands this is the thickest layer of the tear film, its mostly protein and area the inner most layer is the mucus layer which is secreted buy goblets cells, this is the thinnest layer of the tear film and its job is to lend stability to the tear film
