8) Kinetic Model of Matter Flashcards
Describe movement of particles of solid.
Particles of solid vibrate vigorously at fixed positions.
Describe movement of particles of liquid.
Particles of liquid slide past each other over short distances.
Describe movement of particles of gas.
Particles of gas moves freely and randomly at high speeds.
Describe arrangement of particles of solid.
Particles of solid are arranged in an orderly manner.
Describe arrangement of particles of liquid.
Particles of liquid does not have a fixed arrangement.
Describe arrangement of particles of gas.
Particles of gas does not have a fixed arrangement.
Describe space between the particles of solid.
Particles of solid are packed closely together.
Describe space between the particles of liquid.
Particles of liquid are packed closely together.
Describe space between the particles of gas.
Particles of gas are far apart from one another.
Describe the forces of attraction between the particles of solid.
There are strong forces of attraction between the particles of solid.
Describe the forces of attraction between the particles of liquid.
There are strong forces of attraction between the particles of liquid.
Describe the forces of attraction between the particles of gas.
The forces of attraction between the particles of gas are negligible.
Explain why solid has a fixed shape. (using kinetic model of matter)
Particles of solid are arranged in an orderly manner and can only vibrate vigorously at fixed positions.
Explain why liquid does not have a fixed shape. (using kinetic model of matter)
Particles of liquid does not have a fixed arrangement and can slide past each other over short distances.
Explain why gas does not have a fixed shape. (using kinetic model of matter)
Particles of gas does not have a fixed arrangement and can move freely and randomly at high speeds.
Explain why the pressure of the gas in the container increases when the container is compressed.
You may assume that the temperature of the gas is constant.
(in terms of the gas molecules)
As the volume of the container decreases, the gas molecules will collide with the walls of the container with a higher frequency and increases the average force exerted by the molecules per unit of area on the container and
since the average force exerted by the molecules per unit of area on the container is the pressure,
this will cause the pressure of the gas to increase.
Explain why the pressure of the gas in the container increases when the container is heated.
You may assume that the volume of the container remains unchanged.
(in terms of the gas molecules)
As the gas is heated, the gas molecules gains kinetic energy and moves with a higher velocity. They will collide with the walls of the container with a larger force and
since the average force exerted by the molecules per unit of area on the container is the pressure,
this will cause the pressure of the gas to increase.
Explain why the pressure of the gas in the container remains unchanged when the container is heated.
(in terms of the gas molecules)
As the gas is heated, the gas molecules gains kinetic energy and moves with a higher velocity. They will collide with the walls of the container with a larger force and
at the same time, the volume of the container increases which results in the decrease in the number of collisions between the gas molecules and the walls of the container.
Since the average force exerted by the molecules per unit of area on the container is the pressure, and it remains unchanged,
this will cause the pressure of the gas to remain unchanged.
