8. Health Promotion (Alcoholic liver disease) Flashcards
Describe the epidemiology of liver disease in the Scottish population
Obese
Females
Hep B/C
Time: Increased deaths due to alcoholic liver disease
Person: All age groups at risk. More females
Place: Scotland high in comparison with other European/ UK countries
Outline the political, economic, behavioural and organisational barriers to reducing alcoholic liver disease in Scotland
Political:
- To be in power you need to be accepted by society
- Economic + culture factors = Political barriers
Economic:
- Alcohol industry
- Secondary alcohol enterprises
Behavioural:
- Stigma to not drinking
- Form of celebration
- Culture
- Social lubricant
Organisational:
- Scottish government
- Alcohol industry
- Retailers
- NHS
- Police
- Local authorities
Define the Ottawa Charter for health promotion
- Developing Personal Skills
- Strengthening Community Action
- Reorientation Health Services
- Building Healthy Public Policy
- Creating Supportive Environments
Explain the concepts of population and risk approaches to disease prevention
Population Approach:
• Seeks to reduce disease/risk factor in everybody in the population
• Useful when:
– The disease/risk factor is distributed among large
proportions of the population
– The results of not intervening to prevent the disease even in one person are very severe
Risk Approach:
• Seeks to reduce disease/risk factor in a target group
• Useful when:
• It may be difficult to change behaviour at population level
• Wherethereis concentrated risk within the population
Impacts of excessive alcohol intake?
Health intake Violence Crime Domestic violence Economical productivity Family/social impacts
Population approach to reducing alcohol liver disease, examples?
Adding folic acid to flour
Water fluoridation in the UK
Risk approach to reducing alcohol liver disease, 2 examples?
Bowel cancer screening to over 50s
Preventative surgery for women at risk of breast and ovarian cancer
How does the “Changing Scotland’s Relationship with alcohol: A Framework for Action” encourage a supportive environment?
- Support expansion of diversionary initiatives for young people e.g sports, culture and arts
- Promote implementation of workplace alcohol policies
- Work with retailers and producers to develop a code of practice for responsible promotion of alcohol
How does the “Changing Scotland’s Relationship with alcohol: A Framework for Action” promotes a healthy public policy?
- Prevent the sale of alcohol as a loss-leader
- Introduction of a minimum price per unit of alcohol
- 125 ml glasses of wine to be available and the default
How does the “Changing Scotland’s Relationship with alcohol: A Framework for Action” promote personal skill development?
- Work with partners to improve substance misuse education in schools
- Promote awareness and understanding or alcohol misuse and responsible drinking
- Support measures to improve alcohol product labelling
How does the “Changing Scotland’s Relationship with alcohol: A Framework for Action” work to re-orientate health services?
- Appropriate use of screening tools improves the detection and treatment of alcohol problem
- Provide a national training programme for staff involved in Brief interventions to reduce alcohol consumption
- Introduction of new NHS target to delivery Brief interventions to reduce alcohol consumption
How does the “Changing Scotland’s Relationship with alcohol: A Framework for Action” work to strengthen community?
- Support for early intervention such as the Community Initiative to Reduce Violence
- Establishment of a youth commission on alcohol and young people
Explain the Tannahill Model of Health Promotion
Combination of:
- Health education
- Health protection/policy
- Prevention
To achieve health promotion
