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Psychology (TOP) > [8] Erik Erikson's Psychosocial Stages of Development > Flashcards

[8] Erik Erikson's Psychosocial Stages of Development Flashcards

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1
Q

Throughout his adult life, Erik Erikson identified with ____, a nation where he lived for only a few months of his life.
A. Germany
B. The United States
C. The United Kingdom
D. Norway
E. Denmark

A

E. Denmark

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2
Q

In contrast to Freud, Erikson
A. placed more emphasis on unconscious motivation
B. placed more emphasis on the ego
C. de-emphasized social and historical influences on personality
D. all of these

A

B. placed more emphasis on the ego

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3
Q

Erikson built on Freud’s theory by
A. elevating social factors over biological ones
B. emphasizing the id as the key to personality development
C. accepting Jung’s idea of a collective unconscious
D. none of these
E. all of these

A

A. elevating social factors over biological ones

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4
Q

According to Erikson, which of these is the most important aspect of the ego?
A. self-conscious ego
B. perceived ego
C. ego identity
D. realistic ego

A

C. ego identity

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5
Q

During childhood, Erikson said, the ego
A. develops from the superego
B. is weak and flexible
C. is dormant
D. does not exist

A

B. is weak and flexible

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6
Q

To Erikson, the ego develops
A. within a social structure
B. independent of historical factors
C. most rapidly during adulthood
D. only after the id stops developing

A

A. within a social structure

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7
Q

Some societies hold that they are special and somehow more important than other societies. Erikson referred to this belief as
A. an ethnocentric imperative
B. a Napoleonic complex
C. a narcissistic illusion
D. pseudospecies

A

D. pseudospecies

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8
Q

Erikson believed that healthy development rests on
A. a conflict between syntonic and dystonic tendencies.
B. a conflict between masculine and feminine elements.
C. an unresolved Oedipus complex.
D. a resolved Oedipus complex.
E. a strong superego

A

A. a conflict between syntonic and dystonic tendencies.

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9
Q

The epigenetic principle states that
A. some societies believe themselves to be special.
B. the ego develops from the dying id.
C. the ego develops in a sequence, with each stage emerging from and being built on a previous stage.
d. central to individual development are those traits and tendencies inherited from our ancestral past.

A

C. the ego develops in a sequence, with each stage emerging from and being built on a previous stage.

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10
Q

Erikson believed that ___ is the basic strength of infants.
A. hope
B. faith
C. will
D. love
E. industry

A

A. hope

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11
Q

The psychosocial crisis of early childhood is
A. basic trust vs. basic mistrust
B. intimacy vs. isolation
C. industry vs. inferiority
D. autonomy vs. shame and doubt
E. compromise vs. cooperation

A

D. autonomy vs. shame and doubt

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12
Q

Erikson’s early childhood stage corresponds with which of Freud’s stages?
A. oral
B. anal
C. phallic
D. genital
E. oedipal

A

B. anal

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13
Q

According to Erikson, ____ is a feeling of self-consciousness and of being looked at or exposed.
A. shame
B. guilt
C. doubt
D. threat
E. exhibitionism

A

A. shame

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14
Q

To Erikson, the original model for human playfulness is
A. the mother-child bond
B. the Oedipus complex
C. thumb-sucking
D. basic mistrust
E. basic trust

A

B. the Oedipus complex

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15
Q

The basic strength of play age is
A. fidelity
B. purpose
C. care
D. autonomy
E. playfulness

A

B. purpose

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16
Q

Will is the basic strength of
A. infancy
B. early childhood
C. the play age
D. adolescence

A

B. early childhood

17
Q

Heidi is beginning to make new friends of her age. For the first time in her life, she has developed a relationship with adults who are not in her family. Heidi is in which of Erikson’s stages?
A. early childhood
B. adolescence
C. infancy
D. genital period
E. school age

A

E. school age

18
Q

The genital-locomotor psychosexual mode marks this stage.
A. infancy
B. play age
C. adolescence
D. young adulthood
E. early childhood

A

B. play age

19
Q

The psychosocial crisis of the school age is
A. autonomy vs. shame and doubt
B. trust vs. mistrust
C. identity vs. identity confusion
D. industry vs. inferiority

A

D. industry vs. inferiority

20
Q

Generalized sensuality characterizes the psychosexual stage of
A. adolescence
B. young adulthood
C. adulthood
D. old age
E. preadolescence

A

D. old age

21
Q

Erikson saw humans as basically social animals who have limited free choice who are motivated by past experiences, which maybe either conscious or unconscious.
A. True
B. False

A

A. True

22
Q

Erikson is rated high on both optimism and uniqueness of individuals.
A. True
B. False

A

A. True

23
Q

In Erikson’s psychosocial stages, growth takes place according to _______ wherein one component part arises out of another and has its own time ascendancy.

A

epigenetic principle

24
Q

In every psychosocial stage, there is an interaction of opposite; that is, the conflict between syntonic (harmonious) and dystonic (disruptive) element.
A. True
B. False

A

A. True

25
Q

People must have both syntonic and dystonic experiences.
A. True
B. False

A

A. True

26
Q

The conflict between syntonic and dystonic elements produces an ego quality or ego strength which Erikson referred to as ______.

A

basic strength

27
Q

Too little basic strength at any stage results in _____.

A

core pathology

28
Q

Events in the earlier stages cause later personality development.
A. True
B. False

A

B. False

29
Q

Ego identity is shaped by multiplicity of conflicts and events—past, present, and anticipated.
A. True
B. False

A

A. True

30
Q

During each stage, but especially from adolescence forward, personality development is characterized by an identity crisis.
A. True
B. False

A

A. True

31
Q

Erikson referred identity crisis “a turning point, a crucial period of increased vulnerability and heightened potential.”
A. True
B. False

A

A. True

32
Q

Identity crisis is not a catastrophic event BUT rather an opportunity for either adaptive or maladaptive adjustment.
A. True
B. False

A

A. True

Psychology (TOP) (1 decks)

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