8 - Dry Eye Syndrome

Question 1

How to measure aqueous tear production

Answer 1

Schirmer tear test, phenol red thread teste, endodontic paper point test

Question 2

Quantitative dry eye

Answer 2

Deficieny in production of the aqueous layer portion of the tear film

Question 3

Quantitative dry eye AKA

Answer 3

KCS

Question 4

Qualitative dry eye

Answer 4

Deficieny in production of mucin or lipi leading to poor quality tears don’t adhere well or evaporate too quickly

Question 5

Functions of tear film

Answer 5

Optics, comfort, metabolism, immune system

Question 6

Clinical signs of dry eye

Answer 6

Hyperemic conjunctiva, mucopurulent discharge, keratitis, dry appearing cornea

Question 7

What is the most common cause of conjunctivitis in dogs

Answer 7

KCS

Question 8

Normal schirmer tear test

Answer 8

15 - 25

Question 9

Diagnostic of dry eye - STT

Answer 9

0 - 10

Question 10

Drugs can induce KCS

Answer 10

Atropine, opioids, sulfa drugs

Question 11

Which drug can cause toxic change to lacrimal gland in dog causing KCS

Answer 11

Sulfa drugs - TMS

Question 12

Sympathomimetics will

Answer 12

Decrease teaser production

Question 13

Parasymptholytics cause

Answer 13

Decrease in tear productions

Question 14

Sympathetic turns

Answer 14

Down fact

Question 15

Parasympathetic turns up

Answer 15

Facet

Question 16

What endocrinopathies are associated with KCS

Answer 16

Diabetes mellitys, Cushings, Hypoparathyroidism

Question 17

Inflammatory causes of KCS

Answer 17

Chronic conjuctitivs and gland prolapse

Question 18

How do you treat prolapse of third eyelid

Answer 18

Pocket technique or tacking technique

Question 19

Pocket technique

Answer 19

Modified Morgan pocket

Question 20

Tacking technique

Answer 20

Orbital or ventral rectus muscle tacking

Question 21

Concurrent lesion due to proximity of other nerves

Answer 21

Dry nose, horners syndrome, facial nerve paralysis, trigeminal neuropathy

Question 22

Trigemnial neuropathy can lead to

Answer 22

Decreased / absent of cornea or eyelids

Question 23

Horners syndrome

Answer 23

Sympathetic denervation to eye

Question 24

Facial nerve paralysis clinical sign

Answer 24

Absent blink

Question 25

Parasympthomimetics increase tear production and only works in

Answer 25

Neurogenic dry eye due to denervaiton hypersensitivity

Question 26

Infectious causes of KCS

Answer 26

Canine distemper and Feline Herpes virus

Question 27

How do you diagnose a qualitative dry eye

Answer 27

Tear film < 20 sec in dogs, lissamine green dye, rose bengal dye

Question 28

How can you create more tears

Answer 28

Cyclosporine A or Tacrolimus

Question 29

Cyclosporine A and Tacrolimus takes how long to work

Answer 29

4 weeks

Question 30

Drugs called that replace the tears

Answer 30

Lacrimomimetics

Question 31

Complications of SX of parotid duct transposition

Answer 31

Fibrosis of duct, corneal mineralization, over production, under production, and sialolith formation

Question 35

What are the two different sets of blood vessels on the surface of the globe

Answer 35

Conjunctival and episcleral

Question 36

Conjunctival hyperemia blanch with

Answer 36

Topical epinephrine

Question 37

Episceral injection

Answer 37

Big corded vessels radiating from the limbus

Question 38

Causes episcleral injection

Answer 38

Anterior uveitis, glaucoma, and infected ulcer

Question 39

Conjunctival hyperemia causes

Answer 39

Conjunctivitis, KCS, eyelid abnormalities, ulcer

Question 40

Any time a patient has a red eye you need to rule out

Answer 40

Corneal ulceration, KCS, anterior uveitis, glaucoma