8&9

Question 1

what elements make up 96% of body weight

Answer 1

oxygen carbon hydrogen and nitrogen

Question 2

remaining element that represents only 4% of body weight

Answer 2

minerals

Question 3

is minerals inorganic or organic

Answer 3

inorganic

Question 4

do minerals contain carbon

Answer 4

no

Question 5

what are the minerals necessary for

Answer 5

necessary for body to build tissues regulate body fluids and assist in body functions

Question 6

where are minerals found

Answer 6

in all body tissues

Question 7

minerals are divided into how many groups? what are they ?

Answer 7

2. major minerals and trace minerals

Question 8

what are trace minerals

Answer 8

minerals needed in smaller amounts smaller than 100mg a day

Question 9

what are major minerals

Answer 9

minerals required in amounts greater than 100mg a day

Question 10

positively charged ions are called what

Answer 10

cations

Question 11

what are ions

Answer 11

eletrically charged particles

Question 12

what are negatively charged ions called

Answer 12

anions

Question 13

what mineral does the human body contain more of than any other mineral

Answer 13

calcium

Question 14

what % of calcium is found in the skeleton and teeth

Answer 14

99%

Question 15

what % of calcium is found in the blood

Answer 15

1%

Question 16

vitamin d increases what

Answer 16

the apsorption of calcium

Question 17

what two minerals is a component of bones and teeth and gives them strength and hardness

Answer 17

calcium and phosphorus

Question 18

what is the state of being poisonous

Answer 18

toxicity

Question 19

what reduces the amount of calcium absorbed

Answer 19

a lack of weight bearing exercise(walking)

Question 20

what vitamin increases the absorption of iron

Answer 20

vitamin c

Question 21

what is involuntary muscle movement

Answer 21

tetany

Question 22

excessive intake if calcium may caise what

Answer 22

constipation or may inhibit absorption of iron and zinc

Question 23

within the cell

Answer 23

intracellular

Question 24

what kind of fluid is potassium is primarily found in

Answer 24

intracellular

Question 25

what is potassium necessary for

Answer 25

transmission of nerve impulses and muscle contractions

Question 26

what is hypokalemia

Answer 26

low level of potassium in the blood

Question 27

what is hyperkalemia

Answer 27

high levels of potassium in the blood

Question 28

what are substances used to increase the amount the urine excreted

Answer 28

diuretics

Question 29

what is vital to both hard and soft body tissues and is essential for metabolism ad regulates nerve and muscle function

Answer 29

magnesium

Question 30

a condition due to an inborn error of metabolism and causes excessive absorption of iron

Answer 30

hemochromatosis

Question 31

condition resulting from inadequate amount of iron in the diet reducing the amount of oxygen carried by the blood to cells

Answer 31

iron deficiency anemia

Question 32

to little iodine can cause what

Answer 32

goiter

Question 33

what is necessary for the normal functioning of the thyroid gland and determines the rate of metabolism

Answer 33

iodine

Question 34

what is essential for growth vwound healing taste acuity glucose tolerance and mobilization of vitamin a

Answer 34

zinc

Question 35

what are some symptoms ofnzinc definceny

Answer 35

decreased appetite and taste acuity delayed growth dwarfism hypogiandism poor wound healing anemia acne rash and impaired immune response

Question 36

what are the best sources copper is available in

Answer 36

organ meats shellfish legumes nuts cocoa and whole grain cereal

Question 37

an inherted condition that results in accumulation of copper in the liver brain kidneys and cornea

Answer 37

wilsons disease

Question 38

what mineral is associated with glucose and lipid metabolism

Answer 38

chromium

Question 39

how long can you live without water

Answer 39

10-14 days

Question 40

water constitutes about how much of a normal abult body weight

Answer 40

50-60%

Question 41

extracellular fluid is made up of what kind of fluid

Answer 41

intravascular and interstitial

Question 42

what is the liquid part of a solution

Answer 42

solvent

Question 43

what eletrolytes are the solutes that maintain the balance between intracellular and extracellular fluids

Answer 43

sodium chloride and potassium

Question 44

what is is called when tbe hypothalamus stimulates the pituitary gland to excrete adh whenever electrolytes become too concentrated in the blood or whenever blood volume is too low

Answer 44

vascular osmotic pressure

Question 45

what is the average adult water requirements

Answer 45

1ml for every calorie in food consumed

Question 46

a loss of 10% of body water can cause what

Answer 46

upset kidney function decreased blood volume and nutrient absorption

Question 47

a 20% loss of body water can cause what

Answer 47

circulatory failure and death

Question 48

what are signs of dehydration

Answer 48

decreased urine weight loss sunken eyes oral mucous membranes dry changes in neurological status

Question 49

excessive accumulation of fluid in body

Answer 49

positive water balance

Question 50

blood plasma levels run from what to what

Answer 50

7.35-7.45

Question 51

what occurs when the body has suffered a loss of hydrochloric acid from severe vomiting

Answer 51

alkalosis

Question 52

what system is used to regulate acid base balance in the body

Answer 52

buffer system