8 Flashcards
what is a SOLUTION ?
a homogeneous mixture of two or more substances
what is a SOLVENT ?
the component of a solution that is present in the greatest amount
what is a SOLUTE ?
a substance that is dissolved in the solvent
what is an AQUEOUS SOLUTION ?
a solution that contains water
what is SOLUBILITY ?
the maximum amount of solute that will dissolve in a given quantity of solvent at a specific temperature
what is SATURATED SOLUTION ?
a solution that cannot dissolve more solute
what is an UNSATURATED SOLUTION ?
a solution that could dissolve more solute
what is a SUPERSATURATED SOLUTION ?
a solution that contains more dissolved solute than a saturated solution at the same temperature
supersaturated solutions are unstable
what is the COLLISION THEORY ?
chemical reactions can occur if reactants collide with proper orientation and enough kinetic energy to break reactant bonds and form product bonds
what are the 3 FACTORS THAT AFFECT THE RATE OF DISSOLVING ?
temperature
agitation (swirling, stirring)
particle size
what are ION DIPOLE ATTRACTIONS
the attraction between the ionic compound and water
what are the 3 FACTORS THAT AFFECT SOLUBILITY ?
molecule size
temperature
pressure
formula for… volume percent %
%(v/v) = volume of solute (mL) / volume of solution (mL) x 100 %
formula for… mass percent %
%(m/m) = mass of solute (g) / mass of solution (g) x 100 %
formula for… mass-volume percent %
%(m/v) = mass of solute (g) / volume of solution (mL) x 100 %
