8

Question 1

When housing is built for horses, it should provide for:

Answer 1

1. Welfare of the horses
2. Safety, health, and comfort of human handlers
3. Efficient use of labor
4. Cost-effectiveness

Question 2

The environment involves four main areas:

Answer 2

Physical
Social
chemical
Biological

Question 3

environment includes such things as temperature, heat-loss factors, stall space, feeder space, and flooring.

Answer 3

Physical Environment

Question 4

environment involves behavioral considerations related to how horses interact with other horses.

Answer 4

Social Environment

Question 5

includes water quality; various gases such as oxygen, carbon dioxide, and ammonia; and air contaminants like dust and molds.

Answer 5

Chemical environment

Question 6

environment primarily includes disease organisms in the air, water, feed, stall materials, and other animals.

Answer 6

Biological Environment

Question 7

Several items must be considered in the preconstruction planning stage:

Answer 7

1. Purpose of the facility
   
   4. Regulatory requirements
2. Number and breed of animals to be housed
   5. Budget
3. Room for future expansion
   6. How layout facilitates day-to-day activities

Question 8

Metal is a low-maintenance siding material, and it is available in pre-painted finish colors that will last 15 to 20 years without refinishing. However, metal siding is subject to damage when exposed directly to livestock.

Answer 8

Siding

Question 9

can be of aluminum or steel

Answer 9

Roofing. Metal roofing

Question 10

is an increasingly important part of modern farm building construction. Even buildings that are considered cold structures are minimally insulated to moderate summer and winter temperature extremes.

Answer 10

Insulation

Question 11

in farm buildings are almost infinite (Figure 8.3). A performance specification rather than identification of a specific material usually will provide a better comparison among building manufacturers.

Answer 11

Interior Finish.

Question 12

Items that should be considered in developing performance specifications include:

Answer 12

1. Mechanical strength. If interior finish is exposed to animals, it will have to take considerable abuse.
2. Moisture resistance
3. Ease of cleaning
4. Color

Question 13

Ventilation. A good ventilation system must :

Answer 13

(1) provide fresh air to meet the respiration needs of the animals,
(2) control the moisture buildup within the structure,
(3) move enough air to dilute any airborne disease organisms produced within the housing unit, and
(4) control and/or moderate temperature extremes.

Question 14

The basic process that occurs with all successful ventilation systems is as follows:

Answer 14

1. Cool, dry air is drawn into the building.
2. Heat and moisture are added to the air.
3. Warm, wet air is expelled from the building.

Question 15

is the most common and cost-effective ventilation system for horses.

Answer 15

Natural ventilation

Question 16

should be designed to maintain a specified interior temperature when the outside temperature falls. The interior temperature desired will depend on the building’s use. An automatic temperature control system should be specified.

Answer 16

Heating. The heating system

Question 17

provides lighting, general outlets, and outlets for special equipment. Adequate lighting can have a positive influence on workers’ attitudes, plays a major role in safety, and enhances the management level by increasing people’s ability to see potential problems. Horses can sleep in either light or darkness, but they tend to hesitate in moving past areas with high contrast. Shadows and sharp differences between light objects and their background should be avoided.

Answer 17

Electrical System

Question 18

Two types of electrical fixtures are common in the stable area:

Answer 18

incandescent bulbs and fluorescent tubes.

Question 19

Special Additions. Almost every building will be modified to provide some special feature for the farm it is located on (Figure 8.4).
Some of the more common additions are:

Answer 19

• Bathroom
• Office
• Handling facilities
• Feed storage room
• Tack room
• Special equipment space

Question 20

Farm buildings are becoming extremely complex structures and usually represent a considerable investment that must be protected with insurance.

Answer 20

Insurability

Question 21

Horse barns can be designed for small, medium, or large operations. Some variations on barns include:

Answer 21

1. Broodmare and foaling bam
   
   5. Weanling and yearling quarters
2. Barren-mare bam
   
   6. Riding stables
3. Stallion barn and paddock
   
   7. Training stables
4. Breeding shed and corral
   
   8. Boarding stables