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Mr. V Geography > 7th Grade Geography p.4 > Flashcards

7th Grade Geography p.4 Flashcards

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1
Q

ABSOLUTE LOCATION

A

ABSOLUTE LOCATION GIVES PIN POINT LOCATION TO HELP FIND A PLACE. IT CAN REFERENCE TO LONGITUDE AND LATITUDE.

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2
Q

RELATIVE LOCATION

A

describes a place with respect to its environment and its connection to other places.

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3
Q

PLACE

A

PLACE GIVES A CLEAR DESCRIPTION OF THE HUMAN AND PHYSICAL CHARACTERISTICS.

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4
Q

HUMAN ENVIRONMENT INTERACTION

A

THIS DESCRIBES HOW HUMANS INTERACT WITH THE ECOSYSTEM IN BOTH POSITIVE AND NEGATIVE WAYS. IT ALSO DESCRIBES HOW THEY ADJUST AND ADAPT TO THE ENVIRONMENT AND HOW THEY ADJUST THE ENVIRONMENT ITSELF.

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5
Q

MOVEMENT

A

MOVEMENT IS THE THEME THAT STUDIES MOVEMENT AND MIGRATION ACROSS THE PLANET.

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6
Q

FORMAL REGION

A

are those that are designated by official boundaries, such as cities, states, counties, and countries. For the most part, they are clearly indicated and publicly known.

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7
Q

FUNCTIONAL REGION

A

are defined by their connections. For example, the circulation area for a major city area is the functional region of that paper.

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8
Q

VERNACULAR REGION

A

are perceived regions, such as “The South,” “The Midwest,” or the “Middle East;” they have no formal boundaries but are understood in our mental maps of the world.

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9
Q

CIVILIZATION

A

THE STAGE OF HUMAN DEVELOPMENT AND ORGANIZATION THAT IS CONSIDERED MOST ADVANCED. EX. TOWN, CITY , COUNTRY

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10
Q

CITY STATE

A

AN INDEPENDENT CITY WITHIN BOUNDARIES

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11
Q

POLYTHEISM

A

THE BELIEF IN MORE THAN ONE GOD

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12
Q

THEOCRACY

A

A SYSTEM OF GOVERNMENT IN WHICH PRIESTS RULE IN THE NAME OF A GOD OR GODS

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13
Q

CUNEIFORM

A

DENOTING OR RELATING TO THE WEDGE SHAPED CHARACTERS USED IN ANCIENT WRITING SYSTEMS OF MESOPOTAMIA, PERSIA, AND UGARIT. IT SURVIVES VIA CLAY TABLETS

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14
Q

EMPIRE

A

A GROUP OF LANDS UNDER ONE RULER

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15
Q

DELTA

A

SOMETHING LOCATED A THE MOUTH OF A RIVER

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16
Q

PHARAOH

A

EGYPTIAN RULER

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17
Q

PYRAMIDS

A

PRISM SHAPED TOMBS

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18
Q

HIEROGLYPHICS

A

EGYPTIAN TYPE OF WRITING

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19
Q

PAPYRUS

A

EGYPTIAN PAPER

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20
Q

AUTOCRACY

A

IS A GOVERNMENT IN WHICH ONE PERSON HAS ALL THE POWER. TWO TYPES - A MONARCHY AND A DICTATORSHIP

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21
Q

MONARCHY

A

A KING OR QUEEN RULES A COUNTRY. MONARCHY USUALLY COME TO POWER THROUGH A FAMILY LINE. “IN OLD TIMES” MONARCH HELD ALL THE POWER AND HAD FINAL SAY OVER GOVERNMENT. “IN MODERN TIMES” USUALLY SHARE POWER WITH OTHER PARTS OF GOVERNMENT.

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22
Q

DICTATORSHIP

A

A FORM OF GOVERNMENT WHERE ONE LEADER HAS ABSOLUTE CONTROL OVER CITIZENS LIVES.

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23
Q

.REPRESENTATIVE DEMOCRACY

A

CITIZENS ELECT LEADERS TO REPRESENT THEIR RIGHTS AND INTERESTS IN GOVERNMENT. CITIZENS HOLD THE ULTIMATE POWER- THEY ELECT THEIR REPRESENTATIVES.

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24
Q

.DIRECT DEMOCRACY-

A

THERE ARE NO REPRESENTATIVES. CITIZENS ARE DIRECTLY INVOLVED IN THE “DAY TO DAY GOVERNING THE COUNTRY. BEST EXAMPLE IS ANCIENT GREECE. NOT PRACTICAL IN MODERN DAY

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25
Q

OLIGARCHY

A

GREEK WORD THAT MEANS “RULE BY A FEW” OFTEN A ONE POLITICAL PARTY—ONE SOCIAL CLASS–ONE RACE

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26
Q

JUNTA

A

IS A SMALL GROUP OF PEOPLE -USUALLY MILITARY OFFICERS- WHO RULE COUNTRY AFTER TAKING IT BY FORCE.

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27
Q

ANARCHY

A

NOBODY IN CONTROL. OR EVERYONE IS. A STATE BEFORE GOVERNMENT WAS CREATED. A TRANSITION TO GET TO A NEW FORM OF GOVERNMENT.

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28
Q

ISSUE

A

IS NOT AN EVENT- IS ON GOING- HAS LONG TERM EFFECTS- IS SOMETHING WE CAN DO SOMETHING ABOUT - HAS TWO SIDES OR MORE

29
Q

INTERDEPENDENCE

A

the condition where countries depend upon EACH OTHER AS A RESULT OF SPECIALIZATION AND TRADE. (STUDENTS WILL FIND THIS TERM AND ITS

30
Q

trade

A

an exchange of goods and services

31
Q

domestic

A

having to do with the internal affairs of a country

32
Q

imports

A

goods brought in from a foreign country for trade or sale

33
Q

exports

A

goods shipped out of one country for trade or sale with another

34
Q

SCARCITY

A

LIMITED RESOURCES, ($$ OR TIME) UNLIMITED WANTS

35
Q

Capital

A

Material wealth; the money machines, factories, and tools used in production of other goods and services

36
Q

Entrepreneurship

A

TO ASSUME THE RISKS OF ORGANIZING AND COORDINATING RESOURCES TO PRODUCE GOODS AND SERVICES

37
Q

LABOR

A

ALL HUMAN EFFORT INCLUDING THE KNOWLEDGE AND SKILLS USED IN THE PRODUCTION OF GOODS AND SERVICES

38
Q

LAND

A

GIFTS OF NATURE: NATURAL RESOURCES USED TO PRODUCE GOODS AND SERVICES, FOR EXAMPLE, LAND MINERALS, AND TREES

39
Q

RESOURCES

A

THINGS OF VALUE AND EFFORTS USED TO PRODUCE GOODS AND SERVICES: LAND, LABOR AND CAPITAL, AND ENTREPRENEURSHIP.

40
Q

PUBLIC POLICY

A

A DEFINITE COURSE OR METHOD OF ACTION DESIGNED TO MEET THE NEEDS OR GOALS OF A GROUP OF PEOPLE.(US GOVERNMENT-OR YOUR FAMILY)

41
Q

INCENTIVE

A

REWARDS FOR BEHAVIOR

42
Q

DISINCENTIVE

A

DETERRENT OR PUNISHMENT FOR BEHAVIOR

43
Q

CHOICE

A

CHOOSING IS REFUSING, SCARCITY CAUSES US TO CHOOSE.

44
Q

RATIONAL CHOICE -

A

CHOOSING IN OWN BEST INTEREST, AS YOU PERCEIVE THEM

45
Q

COST OR OPPORTUNITY COST

A

HIGHEST VALUE ALTERNATIVE. THE VALUE OF THE NEXT BEST CHOICE.

46
Q

GATT

A

46.GATT - GENERAL AGREEMENT ON TARIFFS AND TRADE CREATED IN 1947 BY 23 COUNTRIES. THESE COUNTRIES HOPED THAT FREER TRADE WOULD HELP THEM GROW AND PROSPER. REPLACED BY GATT

47
Q

NAFTA

A

NORTH AMERICAN FREE TRADE AGREEMENT THAT BEGAN IN 1994 AMONG USA, CANADA, AND MEXICO. DESIGNED TO REMOVE MOST TRADE BARRIERS BETWEEN THESE COUNTRIES, ESPECIALLY FOR AGRICULTURAL PRODUCTS.

48
Q

WTO

A

WORLD TRADE ORGANIZATION REPLACED GATT AND NOW COVERS SERVICES AND INTELLECTUAL PROPERTY RIGHTS SUCH AS COMPUTER SOFTWARE. AS OF MARCH 2013 159 COUNTRIES BELONG TO WTO

49
Q

STANDARDS

A

ARE LAWS AND REGULATIONS THAT COUNTRIES USE TO RESTRICT IMPORTS

50
Q

EMBARGO

A

50.EMBARGO - WHEN ONE NATION PROHIBITS TRADE WITH ANOTHER, OFTEN FOR POLITICAL REASONS

51
Q

TARIFF

A

51.TARIFF -A TAX ON IMPORTS

52
Q

SUBSIDY

A

52.SUBSIDY -PAYMENTS MADE TO DOMESTIC BUSINESS TO HELP THEM COMPETE WITH FOREIGN BUSINESSES

53
Q

QUOTA

A

53.QUOTA - A LIMIT ON THE AMOUNT OF GOODS THAT CAN BE IMPORTED

54
Q

SPECIALIZATION

A

WHEN PRODUCTION IS CONCENTRATED ON PRODUCING ONLY THOSE GOODS AND SERVICES: LAND, LABOR, CAPITAL, AND ENTREPRENEURSHIP.

55
Q

VALUE

A

BASED ON TASTES & PREFERENCES. THE GREATER THE SUPPLY THE LOWER THE PRICE.

56
Q

PRICE

A

WILLINGNESS OF BUYER AND ABILITY OF THE BUYER TO PURCHASE A PRODUCT.

57
Q

57.COST/BENEFIT ANALYSIS -

A

COMPARES BENEFITS GENERATED BY AN ACTIVITY WITH ITS OPPORTUNITY COST. THE RULE IS BENEFITS EXCEED COSTS THAN THE ACTIVITY IS GOOD AND SHOULD BE UNDERTAKEN.

58
Q

DEMAND

A

IS THE DIFFERENT QUANTITIES OF A RESOURCE, GOOD, OR SERVICE THAT WILL BE OFFERED FOR SALE AT VARIOUS PRICES DURING A SPECIFIC TIME PERIOD (WILLINGNESS AND ABILITY TO PURCHASE GOODS AND SERVICES FOR A PARTICULAR PRICE)

59
Q

SUPPLY

A

IS THE DIFFERENT QUANTITIES OF A RESOURCE, GOOD, OR SERVICE THAT WILL BE OFFERED FOE SALE AT VARIOUS POSSIBLE PRICES DURING A SPECIFIC TIME PERIOD (QUANTITY OF A PRODUCT PRODUCERS ARE WILLING TO PROVIDE AT A PARTICULAR PRICE)

60
Q

Free market economy

A

A free market is a system in which the prices for goods and services are set freely by consent between vendors and consumers, in which the laws and forces of supply and demand are free from any intervention by a government, price-setting monopoly, or other authority.

61
Q

Mixed Economy

A

A mixed economy is variously defined as an economic system consisting of a mixture of either markets and economic planning, public ownership and private ownership, or free markets and economic interventionism.

62
Q

Command Economy

A

The command economy is a key feature of any communist society. China, Cuba, North Korea and the former Soviet Union are examples of countries that have command economies.

63
Q

Traditional Economy

A

A traditional economy is an original economic system in which traditions, customs, and beliefs shape the goods and the services the economy produces, as well as the rules and manner of their distribution. It’s very useful in all countries to provide goods for others.

64
Q

Agriculture

A

Farming

65
Q

Cabinet

A

A group of people appointed by the government to help run the government as advisors

66
Q

Common Wealth

A

A republic governed by the people

67
Q

Communism

A

A form of government with no private property and ruling body controls wages and prices

68
Q

Constitution

A

A system of laws and principles for a government

Mr. V Geography (1 decks)

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