Brainscape's Knowledge GenomeTM

Browse over 1 million classes created by top students, professors, publishers, and experts.


See full index

Unit 7a > 7a > Flashcards

7a Flashcards

1
Q

Ingestion

A

Introduction of food

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

Mastication

A

Chewing

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

Propulsion

A
  • Deglutition
  • Peristalsis
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

Deglutition

A

Swallowing

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

Segmental Contractions

A

A way of smooth muscle slosh material back and forth without moving it down the line

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

Peristalsis

A

Squeeze food down the esophagus

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

Secretion

A
  • Mucus (lubricate)
  • Water (liquefy): Need to mix with mucus to introduce enzyme
  • Bile (Digest): emulsifies fats (breaks fat down to tiny little droplets)
  • Enzymes: Chemical digestion
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

Absorption

A

Movement from tract into circulation or lymph

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

Elimination

A

Waste products removed from body; feces.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

Histology of GI Tract

A
  • Mucosa
  • Submucosa
  • Muscularsis
  • Serosa (Adventitia)
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

Mucosa

A
  • Innermost layer
  • mucous epithelium and simple columnar epithelium in the rest of tract
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

Submucosa

A

Thick Connective tissue layer with nerves, blood vessels, and small glands

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

Muscularis

A
  • 2 or 3 layers of smooth muscle, two of which are circular and longitudinal
  • Contains enteric plexus
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

Serosa (Adventitia)

A
  • Connective tissue
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

Peritoneum

A
  • Visceral
    -Parietal
    -Retroperitoneal
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

Visceral Peritoneum

A

Covers organs

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
17
Q

Parietal Peritoneum

A

Attach to abdominal wall

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
18
Q

Retroperitoneal Peritoneum

A

Certain organs are covered here on only one surface and behind peritoneum

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
19
Q

Mesenteries

A

Two layers of peritoneum with thin layer of loose connective tissue between

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
20
Q

Multicellular Glands

A
  • Parotid
  • Submandibular
  • Sublingual
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
21
Q

Parotid Gland

A
  • Largest
  • Serous (water secretion)
  • Anterior to ear
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
22
Q

Submandibular Gland

A
  • Mixed, but more serous
  • Posterior half of inferior border of mandible
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
23
Q

Sublingual Gland

A
  • Smallest
  • Mixed, but more mucous (mucus secretion)
24
Q

Lingual Gland

A
  • Small
  • Coiled tubular glands on surface of tongue
25
Q

Saliva

A
  • Prevents bacterial infections
  • Lubrication
  • Helps to form bolus for swallowing
26
Q

Sphincters

A
  • Upper = striated
  • Lower = smooth
27
Q

Phases of Swallowing

A
  • Voluntary
  • Pharyngeal
  • Esophageal
28
Q

Voluntary Phase

A

Bolus of food moved by tongue from oral cavity to pharynx (In control)

29
Q

Pharyngeal Phase

A
  • Controlled by medulla oblongata
  • Soft palate elevates and esophageal sphincter relaxes, elevated pharynx opens esophagus
  • Food is pushed into esophagus by pharyngeal constrictiors
    -Reflex
30
Q

Esophageal Phase

A
  • Reflex
  • Stretch of esophagus causes enteric NS to initiate peristalsis of muscles in esophagus
31
Q

Sphincters of Stomach

A
  • Cardiac (lower esophageal)
  • Pyloric
32
Q

Rugae

A
  • Folds in stomach hen empty
  • allows stomach to expand
33
Q

Histology of stomach

A

Layers
- Serosa/ Visceral peritoneum
- Muscularis:
- Outer longitudinal
- Middle circular
- Inner oblique
- Submucosa
- Mucosa

34
Q

Mucous neck/ mucus cell

A

Mucus = goblet cells
- Protects from acidic chyme and enzyme pepsin

35
Q

Parietal Cell

A

Hydrochloric acid and intrinsic factor
- Kills bacteria
- Stops carbs. digestion by inactivating salivary amylase
- Denatures proteins
- Help converts pepsinogen to pepsin

36
Q

Chief Cell

A

Pepsinogen

37
Q

Endocrine of Stomach

A
  • Regulatory hormones
  • Help stomach to communicate with other parts of GI tract
38
Q

Secretions of Stomach

A
  • Chyme
  • Mucus
  • Intrinsic factor
  • HCI
39
Q

Chyme

A

Ingested food plus stomach secretions (vomit)

40
Q

Gastric Control

A
  • Cephalic
  • Gastric
    -Intestinal
41
Q

Cephalic Phase

A
  • Thinking about food
  • Starts to stimulate the stomach
    -Excites cells
42
Q

Gastric Phase

A
  • Distention of stomach activates parasympathetic reflex
  • Medulla oblongata stimulates further secretions of stomach
43
Q

Intestinal Phase

A
  • Inhibit stomach acid
  • When food goes down the small intestine, acid is turn down and more mucus is produce
44
Q

Small Intestine Divisions

A
  • Duodenum
  • Jejunum
  • Ileum
45
Q

Function of Small Intestine

A
  • Primary organ of chemical digestion
  • Nutrient absorption
46
Q

What increase surface area?

A
  • Plicae circulares
  • Villi
  • Microvilli
47
Q

Peyer’s Patches

A
  • lymphatic nodules numerous in mucosa and submucosa
  • Guards for infection
48
Q

Ileocecal junction

A

Where small and large intestine meets

49
Q

Brush Border

A

Digestive enzymes bound to membrane of absorptive cells

50
Q

Disaccharidases

A

Break down to monosaccharides (simple sugar)

51
Q

Peptidases

A

Breaks protein down

52
Q

Nucleases

A

Break down DNA and RNA

53
Q

Functions of Liver

A
  • Bile production
  • Storage of Carbs
  • Change anything to fat
  • Detoxification
  • WBCs located there
  • Plasma proteins and clotting factors
54
Q

Gallbladder

A

Storage of bile

55
Q

Chloecystokinin

A
  • gallbladder mover
  • flows to bloodstream to down regulate gastric secretions
  • and squeeze bile out
56
Q

Pancreas

A
  • Endocrine and exocrine
  • Endocrine: produce insulin, glucose, and somatostatin
  • Exocrine: groups acini form lobules separated by septa

Unit 7a (1 decks)

Brainscape helps you reach your goals faster, through stronger study habits.
© 2024 Bold Learning Solutions. Terms and Conditions