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STUDY > 76 Must Know STAAR Facts > Flashcards

76 Must Know STAAR Facts Flashcards

1
Q

Reasons for Exploration

A

Wealth, Religion, Expand Empires

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2
Q

Spain

A

Built missions that were used to convert natives to Catholicism and claimed the territory of Florida, Texas, & California & built missions

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3
Q

France

A

Claimed land in New World to profit from fur training

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4
Q

New England Economy

A

Fishing, Lumbering, Shipbuilding, Harbors

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5
Q

Southern Colonies Economy

A

Transatlantic Slave Trade, Plantations, Cash Crops

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6
Q

Quakers

A

First antislavery group who lived in Pennsylvania

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7
Q

Maryland

A

A place for persecuted Catholics to live peacefully

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8
Q

Reasons for Growth of Representative/Self Government

A

Distance from Britain, Town Meetings, Mayflower Compact, Virginia House of Burgesses, Fundamental Orders of Connecticut

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9
Q

Proclamation of 1763

A

Law that angered colonists because it forbid colonists from moving west of Appalachian Mountains

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10
Q

Consent of Governed

A

Belief British should have permission of colonists to pass taxes and a main reason for American Revolution

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11
Q

Intolerable Acts

A

The British response to the Boston Tea Party that increased tension between the colonists and the British

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12
Q

Unalienable Rights

A

Rights all people have from birth and cannot be taken away without due process; life, liberty, and pursuit of happiness

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13
Q

Saratoga

A

Turning point of American Revolution because Patriots gained foreign recognition from France joined with Patriots

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14
Q

Articles of Confederation

A

Written with a weak federal government because the drafters feared a strong federal government would abuse it’s power; lacked an executive, the power to tax and court system

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15
Q

Shay’s Rebellion

A

This uprising showed the weakness of the federal government under the Articles of Confederation

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16
Q

Northwest Ordinance

A

Law that established a way to expand the United States by providing an orderly process to admit new states to the Union and allowed territories to govern themselves

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17
Q

Great Compromise

A

Agreement that decided how many representatives large and small states would send to Congress

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18
Q

3/5th Compromise

A

Agreement over how slaves would count for representation and taxation purposes

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19
Q

Federalist

A

Supporters of the Constitution, such as Alexander Hamilton and James Madison, that believed it created a new government that was powerful but not too powerful

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20
Q

Antifederalist

A

Opponents of Constitution, such as Patrick Henry and George Mason, that believed it created a new government that was too strong and needed a Bill of Rights to protect individual freedoms

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21
Q

Checks and Balances

A

Each branch of government has some power over the other two branches. This helps to prevent any one branch from becoming too powerful

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22
Q

Amending the Constitution

A

2/3rd vote of both houses of Congress and 3/4th of the State legislatures must approve the amendment

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23
Q

Jury Duty

A

Citizens must serve on juries to determine verdict

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24
Q

1st Amendment

A

Freedom of religion (church or mosque), freedom of speech (criticize), freedom of press (media), Freedom of assembly (peaceful protest), freedom to petition

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25
Q

4th Amendment

A

No unreasonable search or seizure

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26
Q

8th Amendment

A

Freedom from cruel or unusual punishment and unreasonable bail

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27
Q

10th Amendment

A

rights not given to the federal government are rights of the states which is also the principal of federalism

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28
Q

Hamilton’s Financial Plan

A
  1. establish National Bank 2. pay off war debt 3. pass whiskey tax 4. protective tariff
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29
Q

WhiskeyRebellion

A

Washington showed the strength of the federal government by using domestic force to stop this protest over the federal whiskey tax

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30
Q

FarewellAddress

A

Washington warned against having permanent foreign alliances and the creation of political parties

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31
Q

FederalistParty

A

Led by Alexander Hamilton and wanted 1. more Federal government power 2.) an industrial economy 3) a federal bank

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32
Q

Democrat RepublicanParty

A

Led by Thomas Jefferson and wanted 1. less Federal government power 3. an agricultural economy 3) no national bank

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33
Q

Andrew Jackson

A

Elected due to expansion of suffrage and creator of the Democratic Party.

34
Q

AlienandSeditionAct

A

President Adams angered many Americans when he passed this law that violated freedom of speech

35
Q

Marbury v. Madison

A

Established judicial review which gave Supreme Court power to declare laws unconstitutional

36
Q

Causes of War of 1812

A

British impressment of US sailors

37
Q

MonroeDoctrine

A

Issued by James Monroe and prevented European countries from continuing to colonize land in the Western Hemisphere (North and South America)

38
Q

Nullification Crisis

A

Problem over if the state of South Carolina had the right to nullify (overturn) a Federal law, argument over states’ rights vs. federal rights

39
Q

Worcesterv.Georgia

A

The Cherokee sue to keep their land and the Supreme Court rules on the Native American side but Jackson ignores Supreme Court ruling and forces Natives to move to Indian Territory anyway

40
Q

HudsonRiverSchool

A

Artists paint landscapes and nature

41
Q

Effects of the War of 1812

A

U.S. manufacturing increased & increase patriotism

42
Q

CottonGin

A

Resulted in people planting more cotton which resulted in more slaves in America

43
Q

InterchangeableParts

A

More efficient way to make things, led to mass production, resulted in prices decreasing

44
Q

FreeEnterprise

A

Economy driven by profit and competition with little government interference

45
Q

Women

A

Worked outside their homes in textile mills

46
Q

Canals

A

Man made rivers which resulted in faster transportation of goods, the price of goods drop, and cities growing such as New York.

47
Q

SteamboatandRailroads

A

Resulted in faster and more efficient transportation of goods, the prices of goods decreased, tourism increased

48
Q

Telegraph

A

Invention used to communicate rapidly over long distances

49
Q

Urbanization

A

People move from rural farm areas to cities to work in factories, city populations explode

50
Q

Immigration

A

Irish immigrants came to U.S. because of potato famine, immigrants worked in factories and on Transcontinental Railroad

51
Q

ManifestDestiny

A

U.S. desire to own land from coast to coast

52
Q

Causes of Manifest Destiny

A

James K. Polk, more land = more wealth, population boom

53
Q

OregonTerritory

A

Acquired from Britain in a treaty, U.S. achieved goal of Manifest Destiny (owning land coast to coast)

54
Q

U.S. Mexican War

A

Caused by U.S. annexing Texas and a border dispute

55
Q

MexicanCession

A

Land U.S. acquired after U.S. Mexican War as stated in the Treaty of Guadalupe Hidalgo

56
Q

ChineseImmigrants

A

Came to U.S. during gold rush and worked on the Transcontinental Railroad

57
Q

2nd Great Awakening

A

Revival that encourage people to be more religious and resulted in people wanting social reform to change America for the better.

58
Q

Temperance Movement

A

Movement led by women to get Americans to drink less or no alcohol

59
Q

Abolitionist

A

People who worked to end slavery such as Harriet Beecher Stowe and Frederick Douglas

60
Q

Women’s Rights Movement

A

Seneca Falls Convention called for women’s suffrage

61
Q

Susan B. Anthony

A

Leader of Women’s suffrage movement

62
Q

Sectionalism

A

Different parts of the country developed different ways of life; Geography caused Northerners to build factories and trade, Geography caused Southerners to be farmers, People in the west mined

63
Q

Northern Economy

A

Textile mills, trade, factories, immigrants

64
Q

Southern Economy

A

Plantation system, slave labor, cotton produced and sent to the Northern factories

65
Q

Western Economy

A

Mining (gold) and agriculture (farming)

66
Q

Compromise of 1850

A

Agreement between North and South over the issue of slavery, California becomes a Free State but a strict Fugitive slave law is passed.

67
Q

Fugitive Slave Law

A

Part of the Compromise of 1850 where runaway slaves were to be captured and returned to the South

68
Q

Kansas Nebraska Act

A

Agreement that attempted to solve slavery issue by using popular sovereignty but resulted in violence

69
Q

Dred Scott v. Sandford

A

Ruled slaves were property and not citizens

70
Q

Union Advantages During Civil War

A

More factories = more weapons

71
Q

Emancipation Proclamation

A

Lincoln frees all slaves in the Confederacy

72
Q

Vicksburg

A

Turning point of Civil War because the north captured the Mississippi River which split the south in half and cut off supplies

73
Q

Appomattox Court House

A

Lee surrenders to Grant ending the Civil War

74
Q

Reconstruction

A

Period after the Civil War when the south was in financial ruin and needed to be brought back into the Union.

75
Q

Black Codes

A

Laws that limited the new freedom of Freemen

76
Q

Freedman’s Bureau

A

Provided education, clothing/food, and jobs to Freedmen

77
Q

13th Amendment

A

Abolished slavery, African Americans were free to move wherever they wanted

78
Q

14th Amendment

A

Granted citizenship to African Americans, all Americans were to be treated equally under the law

79
Q

15th Amendment

A

African American males were allowed to vote

80
Q

Transcontinental Railroad

A

Encouraged settlement of the West, opened new markets to sell goods to, price of products decreased, Bessemer Steel Process allowed railroads to be built.

81
Q

Andrew Johnson

A

Impeached due to his opposition to Radical Reconstruction policies for former Confederate states

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