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7th Period > 76 Must Know STAAR Facts > Flashcards

76 Must Know STAAR Facts Flashcards

1
Q

Reasons for Exploration

A

Wealth, Religion, Expand Empires

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2
Q

Spain

A

Built missions that were used to convert natives to Catholicism and claimed the territory of Florida, Texas, & California & built missions

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3
Q

France

A

Claimed land in New World to profit from fur training

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4
Q

New England Economy

A

Fishing, Lumbering, Shipbuilding, Harbors

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5
Q

Southern Colonies Economy

A

Transatlantic Slave Trade, Plantations, Cash Crops

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6
Q

Quakers

A

First antislavery group who lived in Pennsylvania

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7
Q

Maryland

A

A place for persecuted Catholics to live peacefully

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8
Q

Reasons for Growth of Representative/Self Government

A

Distance from Britain, Town Meetings, Mayflower Compact, Virginia House of Burgesses, Fundamental Orders of Connecticut

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9
Q

Proclamation of 1763

A

Law that angered colonists because it forbid colonists from moving west of Appalachian Mountains

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10
Q

Consent of Governed

A

Belief British should have permission of colonists to pass taxes and a main reason for American Revolution

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11
Q

Intolerable Acts

A

The British response to the Boston Tea Party that increased tension between the colonists and the British

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12
Q

Unalienable Rights

A

Rights all people have from birth and cannot be taken away without due process; life, liberty, and pursuit of happiness

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13
Q

Saratoga

A

Turning point of American Revolution because Patriots gained foreign recognition from France joined with Patriots

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14
Q

Articles of Confederation

A

Written with a weak federal government because the drafters feared a strong federal government would abuse it’s power; lacked an executive, the power to tax and court system

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15
Q

Shay’s Rebellion

A

This uprising showed the weakness of the federal government under the Articles of Confederation

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16
Q

Northwest Ordinance

A

Law that established a way to expand the United States by providing an orderly process to admit new states to the Union and allowed territories to govern themselves

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17
Q

Great Compromise

A

Agreement that decided how many representatives large and small states would send to Congress

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18
Q

3/5th Compromise

A

Agreement over how slaves would count for representation and taxation purposes

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19
Q

Federalist

A

Supporters of the Constitution, such as Alexander Hamilton and James Madison, that believed it created a new government that was powerful but not too powerful

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20
Q

Antifederalist

A

Opponents of Constitution, such as Patrick Henry and George Mason, that believed it created a new government that was too strong and needed a Bill of Rights to protect individual freedoms

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21
Q

Checks and Balances

A

Each branch of government has some power over the other two branches. This helps to prevent any one branch from becoming too powerful

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22
Q

Amending the Constitution

A

2/3rd vote of both houses of Congress and 3/4th of the State legislatures must approve the amendment

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23
Q

Jury Duty

A

Citizens must serve on juries to determine verdict

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24
Q

1st Amendment

A

Freedom of religion (church or mosque), freedom of speech (criticize), freedom of press (media), Freedom of assembly (peaceful protest), freedom to petition

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25
4th Amendment
No unreasonable search or seizure
26
8th Amendment
Freedom from cruel or unusual punishment and unreasonable bail
27
10th Amendment
rights not given to the federal government are rights of the states which is also the principal of federalism
28
Hamilton’s Financial Plan
1. establish National Bank 2. pay off war debt 3. pass whiskey tax 4. protective tariff
29
Whiskey Rebellion
Washington showed the strength of the federal government by using domestic force to stop this protest over the federal whiskey tax
30
Farewell Address
Washington warned against having permanent foreign alliances and the creation of political parties
31
Federalist Party
Led by Alexander Hamilton and wanted 1. more Federal government power 2.) an industrial economy 3) a federal bank
32
Democrat Republican Party
Led by Thomas Jefferson and wanted 1. less Federal government power 3. an agricultural economy 3) no national bank
33
Andrew Jackson
Elected due to expansion of suffrage and creator of the Democratic Party.
34
Alien and Sedition Act
President Adams angered many Americans when he passed this law that violated freedom of speech
35
Marbury v. Madison
Established judicial review which gave Supreme Court power to declare laws unconstitutional
36
Causes of War of 1812
British impressment of US sailors
37
Monroe Doctrine
Issued by James Monroe and prevented European countries from continuing to colonize land in the Western Hemisphere (North and South America)
38
Nullification Crisis
Problem over if the state of South Carolina had the right to nullify (overturn) a Federal law, argument over states' rights vs. federal rights
39
Worcester v. Georgia
The Cherokee sue to keep their land and the Supreme Court rules on the Native American side but Jackson ignores Supreme Court ruling and forces Natives to move to Indian Territory anyway
40
Hudson River School
Artists paint landscapes and nature
41
Effects of the War of 1812
U.S. manufacturing increased & increase patriotism
42
Cotton Gin
Resulted in people planting more cotton which resulted in more slaves in America
43
Interchangeable Parts
More efficient way to make things, led to mass production, resulted in prices decreasing
44
Free Enterprise
Economy driven by profit and competition with little government interference
45
Women
Worked outside their homes in textile mills
46
Canals
Man made rivers which resulted in faster transportation of goods, the price of goods drop, and cities growing such as New York.
47
Steamboat and Railroads
Resulted in faster and more efficient transportation of goods, the prices of goods decreased, tourism increased
48
Telegraph
Invention used to communicate rapidly over long distances
49
Urbanization
People move from rural farm areas to cities to work in factories, city populations explode
50
Immigration
Irish immigrants came to U.S. because of potato famine, immigrants worked in factories and on Transcontinental Railroad
51
Manifest Destiny
U.S. desire to own land from coast to coast
52
Causes of Manifest Destiny
James K. Polk, more land = more wealth, population boom
53
Oregon Territory
Acquired from Britain in a treaty, U.S. achieved goal of Manifest Destiny (owning land coast to coast)
54
U.S. Mexican War
Caused by U.S. annexing Texas and a border dispute
55
Mexican Cession
Land U.S. acquired after U.S. Mexican War as stated in the Treaty of Guadalupe Hidalgo
56
Chinese Immigrants
Came to U.S. during gold rush and worked on the Transcontinental Railroad
57
2nd Great Awakening
Revival that encourage people to be more religious and resulted in people wanting social reform to change America for the better.
58
Temperance Movement
Movement led by women to get Americans to drink less or no alcohol
59
Abolitionist
People who worked to end slavery such as Harriet Beecher Stowe and Frederick Douglas
60
Women’s Rights Movement
Seneca Falls Convention called for women’s suffrage
61
Susan B. Anthony
Leader of Women's suffrage movement
62
Sectionalism
Different parts of the country developed different ways of life; Geography caused Northerners to build factories and trade, Geography caused Southerners to be farmers, People in the west mined
63
Northern Economy
Textile mills, trade, factories, immigrants
64
Southern Economy
Plantation system, slave labor, cotton produced and sent to the Northern factories
65
Western Economy
Mining (gold) and agriculture (farming)
66
Compromise of 1850
Agreement between North and South over the issue of slavery, California becomes a Free State but a strict Fugitive slave law is passed.
67
Fugitive Slave Law
Part of the Compromise of 1850 where runaway slaves were to be captured and returned to the South
68
Kansas Nebraska Act
Agreement that attempted to solve slavery issue by using popular sovereignty but resulted in violence
69
Dred Scott v. Sandford
Ruled slaves were property and not citizens
70
Union Advantages During Civil War
More factories = more weapons
71
Emancipation Proclamation
Lincoln frees all slaves in the Confederacy
72
Vicksburg
Turning point of Civil War because the north captured the Mississippi River which split the south in half and cut off supplies
73
Appomattox Court House
Lee surrenders to Grant ending the Civil War
74
Reconstruction
Period after the Civil War when the south was in financial ruin and needed to be brought back into the Union.
75
Black Codes
Laws that limited the new freedom of Freemen
76
Freedman’s Bureau
Provided education, clothing/food, and jobs to Freedmen
77
13th Amendment
Abolished slavery, African Americans were free to move wherever they wanted
78
14th Amendment
Granted citizenship to African Americans, all Americans were to be treated equally under the law
79
15th Amendment
African American males were allowed to vote
80
Transcontinental Railroad
Encouraged settlement of the West, opened new markets to sell goods to, price of products decreased, Bessemer Steel Process allowed railroads to be built.
81
Andrew Johnson
Impeached due to his opposition to Radical Reconstruction policies for former Confederate states

7th Period (1 decks)

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