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75 art terms Flashcards

1
Q

Abstract

A

An artwork that is not realistic

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2
Q

Academic

A

Art that follows prescribed rules; not experimental

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3
Q

Acrylic

A

A water-based paint developed in the 1950s that may be applied thinly like watercolor or thickly like oil paint, and will adhere to almost any surface

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4
Q

Aesthetic

A

The branch of philosophy that explores what is considered beautiful in art based on social, visual, and contemporary standards

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5
Q

Appropriation Art

A

A scene or subject “borrowed” from another, generally famous, artwork but changed slightly so as not to be considered a copy or forgery

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6
Q

Archaic art

A

Art in its most ancient form, usually Greek sculpture or vases from 620 to 500B.C.

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7
Q

Art brut

A

Literally “crude art”, created by untutored artists such as criminals or the insane who feel driven to express themselves through art

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8
Q

Avant-garde

A

Anything that is at the forefront of new expressions or developments in art

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9
Q

Balance

A

Principle of Designs

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10
Q

Bas-relief

A

Also called low-relief, this is one-sided sculpture that projects slightly from a background

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11
Q

Camp

A

Artwork deliberately created to be amusing because of it’s affected characteristics, or out-of-date, exaggerated subject matter

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12
Q

Caricature

A

Character studies that usually exaggerate one or more features, often in a comic-like expression

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13
Q

Cartoon

A

A full-scale drawing for wall painting or tapestries; comic strip or caricature

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14
Q

Ceramic

A

Any object made of clay that is dried, then placed in a kiln (furnace) or pit made permanent through “firing” (baking) with an extremely high temperature

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15
Q

Classical

A

Refers to work of “unadorned beauty” the term is frequently applied to work that originated in ancient Greece and Rome

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16
Q

Cloisonné

A

An Asian technique for fusing ground glass to a metal surface that has had patterns applied with thin metal strips. It is used to decorate vases, jewelry, and small ornamental objects

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17
Q

Collage

A

A grouping of different textures, objects, and materials glued on a supporting base

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18
Q

Composition

A

Renaissance masters arranged forms, lines, colors within geometric formats such as triangles or rectangles to create pleasing compositions

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19
Q

Conceptual art

A

The idea is as important as the reality, and might often have been only in writing. Art of ideas that might be written about, but from which an artwork may or may not have been completed

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20
Q

Conté

A

A greaseless, hard chalk available in black, gray, white, bistre (brown) and sanguine (red) that was used in drawing by many of the old masters

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21
Q

Contour

A

An outline drawing of a form or object

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22
Q

Contrapposto

A

Classical Greek and Roman art was noted for the realistic posture of its sculpture

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23
Q

Copy

A

A faithful rendition of an original work of art, often done with permission inside a museum

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24
Q

Design

A

Artists and designers arrange their compositions by emphasizing one or more of the elements-line, form, shape, color, value, texture, and space-in their artwork

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25
Q

Diptych

A

Two painted or carved panels that are usually hinged together

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26
Q

Donor

A

A client or patron of an artist who donated the work to an institution

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27
Q

Earthworks

A

A deliberate moving of the earth and change in natural topography designed by artists

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28
Q

Eclecticism

A

Incorporating stylistic ideas from a variety of periods and cultures in an artwork

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29
Q

Element

A

Reference to artistic design considerations such as color, line, texture, shape or form, and space

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30
Q

Elongated

A

A form of stylization in which the human figure is vertically distorted deliberately for dramatic effect

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31
Q

Empahsis

A

A design principle that gives dominance to particular area through color, size, or repetition

32
Q

Environmental art

A

Created in outdoor space such as a sculpture park or garden

33
Q

Etching

A

A design is scratched on a metal plate that has been covered in a thin coat of a dark waxy substance

34
Q

Focal point

A

The center of interest of an artwork

35
Q

Foreshortening

A

In the drawing of the human figure, a portion that is projected toward the artist

36
Q

Forgery

A

An artwork created in the manner of a specific artist or culture with the deliberate intent to defraud

37
Q

Found object

A

Ordinary objects used to create art by combining, as in a sculptural assemblage

38
Q

Fresco

A

The technique of painting into freshly laid plaster

39
Q

Genre

A

A form of realistic painting of people that depicts ordinary events of the day, not religious, historical, or mythological

40
Q

Gilt

A

A thin coat of gold leaf applied to the surface of a painting, frame, and architecture

41
Q

Glaze

A

A mineral coating that becomes glass-like when fired and makes ceramics waterproof. (It is also used to create a luminous effect in oil or watercolor paintings by building up transparent layers of color)

42
Q

Golden section

A

A proportion in a rectangular painting of a ratio of roughly 8 to 13 (inches or centimeters) that was considered by Renaissance masters to express perfect visual harmony

43
Q

Happening

A

A spontaneous performance, under the direction of an artist, that combines the visual arts and a theatrical event

44
Q

Horizon line

A

The distant view where sky meets water or land at the artist’s eye level

45
Q

illustration

A

An artwork developed to accompany a story, advertisement, or written text

46
Q

Installation

A

An arrangement of objects in a gallery or elsewhere that in itself constitutes a work of art

47
Q

Intaglio printing

A

A method in which damp paper is pressed into the inked etched or engraved lines of a metal printing plate

48
Q

Kinetic art

A

Artwork that involves real or apparent movement

49
Q

Kitsch

A

Artwork, often mass-produced, that intentionally goes beyond good taste. Tacky.

50
Q

Landscape

A

A scenery painting (cityscape and seascape)

51
Q

Lithograph

A

A printmaking method discovered in 1798 has allowed artists great artistic freedom ever since

52
Q

Lost-wax

A

A method of creating a replica of a wax sculpture by covering the model with a material to plaster

53
Q

Medium

A

Refers to the actual material used in creating an artwork, such as watercolor, oil, or pastel

54
Q

Mobile/stabile

A

A hanging, movable sculpture, stabile rests on the ground, but may also have moving parts

55
Q

Modeling

A

In sculpture, the process of physically working the clay or wax into a form

56
Q

Mosaic

A

A design or picture created by imbedding small stones or pieces of glass in cement

57
Q

Mural

A

A very large continuous painting made to full an entire wall or even a room

58
Q

Naturalism

A

Reality-based painting

59
Q

Non-objects

A

An abstract artwork not based on anything in reality

60
Q

Odalisque

A

A term used in the 19th century to describe a painted nude or semi-nude reclining women

61
Q

Oil paint

A

A painting consisting of powdered pigment held together with oil

62
Q

Outsider art

A

Artwork that is created by people who are not part of the normal “art world” and are usually untrained or self-taught

63
Q

Pastel

A

A type of medium created with pigments held together with a binder and pressed into a stick form

64
Q

Perspective

A

Refers to the depth created in a painting that gives it a three dimensional quality

65
Q

Polychrome

A

Many-colored

66
Q

Polyptych

A

A painting that consists of four or more panels hinged together

67
Q

Principles of art

A

The application of the elements of design through balance, emphasis, contrast, pattern, unity, variety, rhythm, and movement

68
Q

Public art

A

Artwork that is commissioned by a public or private to be displayed in a viewing area that can be seen by the public

69
Q

Ready-made

A

A found object that has been repurposed as art

70
Q

Realism

A

An artist’s effort to portray a subject as accurately as possible

71
Q

Romanticism

A

A type of painting that idealizes an image, often with Surrealisric or imaginative composition

72
Q

Still life

A

A composition featuring inanimate objects, such as food, dead animals, or flowers

73
Q

Stylize

A

Taking creative license to abstract a recognizable image or form, leaving it simpler, yet recognizable

74
Q

Tesserae

A

Small pieces of stone or tile used in creating mosaics

75
Q

Value

A

Differences in the lightness or darkness of a hue, one of the elements of design

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