7.4.2 WW2 The Homefront Flashcards
How many African Americans served in WWII?
Over 1 million
What was the role of the Tuskegee Airmen?
The most decorated Black pilot unit in WWII.
What was the Second Great Migration?
African Americans moved North for wartime jobs.
What was the Double V Campaign?
A movement for victory abroad (war) & at home (civil rights).
What did the Fair Employment Practices Committee (FEPC) do?
Fought workplace discrimination during WWII.
What was the Congress of Racial Equality (CORE)?
Civil rights group that fought social discrimination.
Who were the Navajo Code Talkers?
Navajo soldiers who used their language to send secret military messages.
What was the Braceros Program?
A U.S.-Mexico agreement allowing Mexican laborers to work on U.S. farms.
What were the Zoot Suit Riots?
White sailors attacked Mexican American youth (pachucos); police arrested Mexicans, not sailors.
What jobs did women take in WWII?
Radio operators, nurses, secretaries, postal clerks, factory workers.
What was the Women’s Army Corps (WAC)?
Allowed women to serve in support roles in the military.
Who was Rosie the Riveter?
A symbol of women working in factories during WWII.
What did the War Production Board (WPB) do?
Shifted factories from consumer goods to war goods.
What was the National War Labor Board (NWLB)?
Managed labor disputes, set wage policies, & froze salaries over $5,000.
What was the Manhattan Project?
Top-secret project to develop the atomic bomb.
What was the Trinity Test (1945)?
The first atomic bomb test in New Mexico.
Why did the U.S. ration goods during WWII?
To control shortages & prevent inflation.
What did the Office of Price Administration (OPA) do?
Rationed goods & controlled prices to avoid inflation.
What was the purpose of ration books?
Limited how much of certain goods (sugar, gas, etc.) people could buy.
What were war bonds?
People invested in the war effort and got repaid with interest later.
What was the Victory Tax (Revenue Act of 1942)?
A 5% payroll tax to help fund the war.
Why did Americans plant Victory Gardens?
To grow their own food and save canned goods for troops.
How many Japanese Americans were interned during WWII?
122,000, including 70,000 U.S. citizens.
What was Manzanar, CA?
A Japanese internment camp.
