74. Hypertension Flashcards
1
Q
Define stages of HTN
A
- 140/90
2. 160/100
2
Q
3 distinct groups of HTN in ED
A
- Hypertensive emergency
- Poorly controlled HTN
- Elevated BP without previous HTN
3
Q
Define hypertensive emergency
A
acute TOD
with or without chronic HTN
4
Q
5 main categories of secondary HTN
A
- endocrine
- pulmonary
- renal
- toxic/metabolic
- Vascular
5
Q
5 causes of endocrine HTN
A
- cushings
- hyperaldosteronism
- OCP use
- Pheochromocytoma
- Thyroid disease
6
Q
1 pulmonary cause of HTN
A
OSA
7
Q
5 renal causes of renal HTN
A
- Chronic pyelo
- Diabetic nephropathy
- Nephritic or nephrotic syndrome
- Polycystic kidney
- Renovascular conditions
8
Q
3 Toxic causes
A
- Chronic EtOH
- Sympathomimetics
- Tyramine foods
9
Q
2 vascular causes
A
- Coarctation
2. atherosclerosis
10
Q
5 major organs of TOD
A
- Heart
- ACS
- CHF - Brain
- CVA
- HTN encephalopathy
- PRES - Kidney
- AKI - Vascular
- dissection - Other
- eclampsia
11
Q
Indications for BP lowering
A
TOD
encephalopathy
12
Q
7 classes of antiHTN meds
A
- adrenergics
- CCBs
- dihyrdo and nondihydro - ACEi
- Loop diuretics
- D1 agonists
- NO donors
- directvasodilators
13
Q
How to reduce
A
25% max
IV preferred
14
Q
Main meds for ACS and CHF
A
NO donors - nitro ACE - enalaprit Avoid BB
15
Q
Main meds for dissection
A
SBP <100
BB
- esmolol or labetolol
