731 benchmark 8 Flashcards
what is the quadrangular space?
serves as a pathway for axillary nerve and posterior circumflex humeral artery
boundaries:
superior: teres minor
inferior teres major
medial: long head lateral triceps
lateral: humeral surgical neck
what is the triangular space?
pathway for the circumflex scapular artery
boundaries:
superior: teres minor
inferior:teres major
lateral: long head of triceps
what is the triangular interval?
pathway for the profunda brachii and radial nerve
boundaries:
lateral: shaft of humerus
medial:lateral head of triceps
in the shoulder region, the brachial fascia divides what?
arm into anterior flexor and posterior extensor.
the forearm, the interosseous membrane is in between what and divides what?
the radial and ulnar and divides anterior flexors and forearm pronators and posterior extensors supinators
what is the cubital fossa?
the triangular space at the anterior elbow
superior: imaginary line between the two epicondyles
medial: lateral border of pronator teres
lateral: medial border of brachioradialis
what are the contents of the cubital fossa?
BBBMM
Brachial vein and artery
Biceps tendon
Bicipital Aponeurosis
Median nerve
Median cubital vein - cephalic and basilic
what is the humeralulnar joint?
distal trochlea of humerus (convex) and the proximal notch fossa of ulna (concave)
uniaxial synovial joint sagittal with flexion and extension
what is the radioulnar joint?
distal capitulum of humerus (convex) and head of the proximal radius (concave)
uniaxial synovial joint flexion and extension in sagittal plane
what is the radioulnar joint?
uniaxial synovial pivot joint of the convex radial head of radius and the radial notch of ulna concave
allows supination and pronation of head of radius on ulna
what are the joints of the elbow?
lateral collateral ligament (varus)
medial collateral ligament (valgus)
annular ligament: holds the head of the radius against the humerus
what is the distal radioulnar ligament?
articulation between ulnar notch of radius convex and distal head of ulna concave
head of radius rotates around ulna during pronation and supination
what are the flexors?
Biceps brachii
brachialis
brachioradialis
what are the extensors?
triceps
anconeus
what are the pronators?
pronator teres
pronator quadratus
to pull radius over ulna from supination/neutral to supination
what are the supinators?
supinator muscle
to pull radius over ulna from pronation to supination
what is carpal tunnel?
narrow space on palmar side that contains several extrinsic hand muscles and the median nerve
what is the extensor compartment?
On the dorsum of the hand/wrist, the divisions of the extensor muscle tendons that run into the hand.
what is the extensor expansion?
the complex set of connective tissues that form the distal attachment of several finger extensor muscles.
what is the radiocarpal joint?
distal radio/ulnar concave with proximal carpal bones convex caphoid/lunate/triquetrum
Biaxial synovial joint allowing
o Flexion and extension in the sagittal plane
o Radial and ulnar deviation in the frontal plane
what are the distal radiocarpal joints?
posterior is dorsal
Dorsal radiocarpal: between distal radius and dorsal surface of lunate and
triquetrum.
what is the palmar distal radiocarpal joint? palmar is anterior
Palmar radiocarpal: between distal radius and scaphoid and lunate.
what is the radial/lateral ligament?
From radial styloid process to scaphoid
what is the medial collateral ligament?
From ulnar styloid process to triquetrum
what is the articular disc complex on ulnar side of wrist?
- Articulates with the lunate and triquetrum and more with one or the other, depending
on the position of the wrist (radial or ulnar deviation) - Cushions the ulnar side of the wrist
- Stabilizes the ulnar carpals and distal radioulnar (RU) joint o Separates the distal RU joint from the radiocarpal (RC) joint
what is the wrist capsule?
- distal ends of radius and ulna to proximal row of carpal bones
- Note reinforcement dorsally by extensor compartments
- Thicker volarly (volar refers to the palm of the hand)
what are midcarpal (intercarpal) joints?
At the lateral portion of the joint, the scaphoid articulates with the trapezium and trapezoid
- Centrally, the scaphoid and lunate articulate with the capitate
- Supported by anterior, posterior, and interosseous ligaments
- Function as a single unit
- Small gliding movements between carpal bones. No rotational Dfs.
