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Psych 004 > 7.2: EMBRYONIC STAGE > Flashcards

7.2: EMBRYONIC STAGE Flashcards

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1
Q

A growing organism in the initial stages of development after fertilization.

A

Embryo

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2
Q

Innermost of the three germ layers in a developing embryo.

A

Endoderm

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3
Q

Middle layer of the three germ layers in a developing embryo.

A

Mesoderm

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4
Q

Outermost of the three germ layers in a developing embryo.

A

Ectoderm

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5
Q

Formed when the neural plate folds inward and extends the entire length of the embryo.

A

Neural groove

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6
Q

Ridges of the ectoderm on the neural plate that form around the neural groove and fuse to form the neural tube.

A

Neural folds

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7
Q

The hollow longitudinal tube formed by the infolding of the neural plate and subsequent fusion of the neural folds. Sets the basis for development of the brain and spinal cord.

A

Neural tube

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8
Q

A temporary cluster of cells that originate from the side of the neural tube proximal to the epidermal layer. Neural crest cells give rise to diverse cell types that can support many different systems.

A

Neural crest

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9
Q

The portion of the nervous system that includes the brain and spinal cord.

A

Central nervous system

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10
Q

All of the nerve cells that connect the central nervous system to all the other parts of the body.

A

Peripheral nervous system

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11
Q

The three primary vesicles include the prosencephalon (forebrain), mesencephalon (midbrain), and rhombencephalon (hindbrain)

A

Primary vesicles

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12
Q

One of the three primary vesicles. Also referred to as the forebrain.

A

prosencephalon

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13
Q

One of the three primary vesicles. Also referred to as the midbrain.

A

Mesencephalon

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14
Q

One of the three primary vesicles. Also referred to as the hindbrain.

A

Rhombencephalon

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15
Q

Secondary vesicles

A

The five secondary vesicles include the telencephalon, diencephalon, mesencephalon, metencephalon, and myelencephalon.

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16
Q

Also referred to as the prosencephalon. The forward most part of the brain. Consists of the telencephalon and diencephalon.

A

Forebrain

17
Q

Largest portion of the central nervous system and consists of the cerebrum and related structures.

A

Telencephalon

18
Q

Neural structure located deep in the brain that includes the thalamus and hypothalamus. Connects the midbrain to the forebrain.

A

Diencephalon

19
Q

Also referred to as the mesencephalon. The top-most portion of the brain stem. Consists of the tectum, the cerebral aqueduct, the tegmentum, and the cerebral peduncles.

A

Midbrain

20
Q

The uppermost part of the midbrain.

A

Tectum

21
Q

Narrow, 15mm, channel that connects the third ventricle with the fourth ventricle and facilitates the transport of cerebrospinal fluid (CSF).

A

Cerebral aqueduct

22
Q

The ventral portion of the midbrain.

A

Tegmentum

23
Q

Two bundles of nerve fibers that are located in the ventral midbrain and connect the cerebrum to the brain stem

A

Cerebral peduncles

24
Q

Also referred to as the rhombencephalon. The lower portion of the brain stem. Consists of the metencephalon and myelencephalon.

A

Hindbrain

25
Q

The part of the hindbrain that develops into the cerebellum and pons.

A

Metencephalon

26
Q

The part of the hindbrain that develops into the medulla oblongata.

A

Myelencephalon

27
Q

Part of the hindbrain. A bridge that connects the cerebral cortex with the medulla, and reciprocally transfers information back and forth between the brain and the spinal cord.

A

Pons

28
Q

The distinctive structure at the back of the brain between the cerebrum and brainstem. Important for muscle control, such as balance and movement.

A

Cerebellum

29
Q

Extension of the spinal cord that forms the lowest part of the brain stem.

A

Medulla oblongata

30
Q

Composed of the medulla oblongata, pons, and the midbrain. The part of the brain that connects the cerebrum to the spinal cord.

A

Brain stem

Psych 004 (3 decks)

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