7.2 - Alcohols, carboxylic acids and esters Flashcards

1
Q

What are Alkanes?

A

Family of hydrocarbons.

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2
Q

What are Hydrocarbons?

A

Compounds that contain hydrogen and carbon only with no other elements.

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3
Q

What are the first 4 names of Alkanes? What is the mnemonic for it?

A

Monkeys Eat Peanut Butter (you can make your own!)

Methane
Ethane
Propane
Butane

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4
Q

What is the General Formula of Alkanes?

A

Cn H(2n+2)

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5
Q

When alkanes burn in PLENTY of air, what is made?

A

Carbon Dioxide and Water.

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6
Q

What are the type of bonds between the atoms in alkanes called?

A

Single Covalent Bonds

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7
Q

Why is the Activation Energy for reactions of alkanes high?

A

The C-C and C-H bonds in alkanes are difficult to break.

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8
Q

Why are alkanes unreactive towards aqueous reagents (e.g. water) ?

A

The bonds are difficult to break and thus unreactive.

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9
Q

What are Saturated Compounds (like alkanes) ?

A

Compounds that contain only single bonds between two carbon atoms.

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10
Q

What are Unsaturated Compounds (like alkenes) ?

A

Compounds that contain one or more double bonds between two carbon atoms.

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11
Q

What is the word and balanced equation for the reaction of an alkane and oxygen?

A

Alkane + Oxygen –> Carbon Dioxide + Water

CH>4 (g) + 2O>2 (g) –>CO2 (g) + 2H2O (l)

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12
Q

What are the first two alcohols called (and their formula)?

A
  1. Methanol (CH3 OH)

2. Ethanol (C2 H5 OH)

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13
Q

What is the general formula of an alcohol?

A

Cn H>2n+1 OH

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14
Q

What is the Functional Group of alcohols?

A

-OH

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15
Q

What does the -OH functional group indicate in terms of the properties of alcohols?

A

That all alcohols have similar properties.

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16
Q

How do alcohols compare with alkanes and water in terms of their physical properties (4) ?

A
  1. Ethanol is soluble in water. Alkanes are insoluble.
  2. Ethanol and water are both good solvents.
  3. The boiling point of ethanol (78 C) is lower than the boiling point of water (100 C) but much higher than the boiling point of a similar-sized alkane.
  4. Ethanol is a liquid at Room Temp. It evaporates easily and is volatile (gives off fumes). Methane and Ethane are volatile too, but are gases at room temp. Water is liquid at room temp but not volatile.