7.2 - Alcohols, carboxylic acids and esters

Question 1

What are Alkanes?

Answer 1

Family of hydrocarbons.

Question 2

What are Hydrocarbons?

Answer 2

Compounds that contain hydrogen and carbon only with no other elements.

Question 3

What are the first 4 names of Alkanes? What is the mnemonic for it?

Answer 3

Monkeys Eat Peanut Butter (you can make your own!)

Methane
Ethane
Propane
Butane

Question 4

What is the General Formula of Alkanes?

Answer 4

Cn H(2n+2)

Question 5

When alkanes burn in PLENTY of air, what is made?

Answer 5

Carbon Dioxide and Water.

Question 6

What are the type of bonds between the atoms in alkanes called?

Answer 6

Single Covalent Bonds

Question 7

Why is the Activation Energy for reactions of alkanes high?

Answer 7

The C-C and C-H bonds in alkanes are difficult to break.

Question 8

Why are alkanes unreactive towards aqueous reagents (e.g. water) ?

Answer 8

The bonds are difficult to break and thus unreactive.

Question 9

What are Saturated Compounds (like alkanes) ?

Answer 9

Compounds that contain only single bonds between two carbon atoms.

Question 10

What are Unsaturated Compounds (like alkenes) ?

Answer 10

Compounds that contain one or more double bonds between two carbon atoms.

Question 11

What is the word and balanced equation for the reaction of an alkane and oxygen?

Answer 11

Alkane + Oxygen –> Carbon Dioxide + Water

CH>4 (g) + 2O>2 (g) –>CO2 (g) + 2H2O (l)

Question 12

What are the first two alcohols called (and their formula)?

Answer 12

1. Methanol (CH3 OH)

2. Ethanol (C2 H5 OH)

Question 13

What is the general formula of an alcohol?

Answer 13

Cn H>2n+1 OH

Question 14

What is the Functional Group of alcohols?

Answer 14

-OH

Question 15

What does the -OH functional group indicate in terms of the properties of alcohols?

Answer 15

That all alcohols have similar properties.

Question 16

How do alcohols compare with alkanes and water in terms of their physical properties (4) ?

Answer 16

1. Ethanol is soluble in water. Alkanes are insoluble.
2. Ethanol and water are both good solvents.
3. The boiling point of ethanol (78 C) is lower than the boiling point of water (100 C) but much higher than the boiling point of a similar-sized alkane.
4. Ethanol is a liquid at Room Temp. It evaporates easily and is volatile (gives off fumes). Methane and Ethane are volatile too, but are gases at room temp. Water is liquid at room temp but not volatile.