7.16 Aircraft Weight and Balance

Question 1

What Alter the position of CG?

Answer 1

Passengers , fuel , cargo and equipment

Question 2

What will incorrect loading affect?

Answer 2

the aircraft rate of climb , maneuverability , ceiling , speed and fuel

Question 3

If CG were too far forward what will happen?

Answer 3

It would result in a nose-heavy condition

which could be potentially dangerous on take-off and landing

Question 4

If CG were too far aft what will happen?

Answer 4

It would result in the tail-heavy condition which will increase the tendency of the aircraft to stall and make landing more difficult

Question 5

The unit of measurement for mass and balance are normally dictated by who?

Answer 5

The aircraft Manufacturer and can be either Metric or Imperial terms

Question 6

What is the mathod of calculating the CG position based on?

Answer 6

The principle of Turning Moments

Question 7

Principle of Turning Moments

Answer 7

The moment of a force about a point is the product of the force and the perpendicular distance from the point to the line of action of the force.

Are expressed in lbs , Ft , Nm

Must be specified; Clockwise(+) anti-Clockwise(-) positive or negative

Question 8

describe a Datum?

Answer 8

Is an imaginary vertical plane from which horizontal measurments are taken

no fixed rule

the manufacturer will normally specify the nose of the aircraft

could be at the front main bulkhead or even forward of the aircraft nose

Question 9

descrive an Arm?

Answer 9

The horizontal distance from an item or piece of equipment to the datum

usually measured in inches or millimeters

may preceded by a (+) aft of the datum
                         or a (-) fwd of the datum

Question 10

describe Moment?

Answer 10

The product of a force multiplied by the distance about which the force acts

in case of mass and balance
the force is the mass kg/lb and the distance is the arm m/in

Question 11

describe CG?

Answer 11

The point about which all of the mass of the aircraft or object is concentrated

Question 12

describe CG limits?

Answer 12

normal operation: the CG should be between the Forward and Aft limits as specified by the manufacturer

Question 13

describe Dry Operating Mass?

Answer 13

the total mass of the aeroplane , ready for a specific type of operation , excluding all usable fuel and traffic load

includes crew and crew baggage , catring and removable passenger service equipment , portable water and lavatory chemicals

Question 14

descibe Maximum Zero Fuel Mass?

Answer 14

the maximum permissible mass of an aircraft with no usable fuel

Question 15

describe Maximum Structural Take-Off Mass (MTOM)?

Answer 15

the maximum permissible total aeroplane mass at the start of the take-off run

Question 16

describe Maximum Structural Landing Mass?

Answer 16

the maximum permissible total aeroplane mass upon landing under normal circumstances

Question 17

describe Traffic Load?

Answer 17

Includes the total mass of passengers , baggage and cargo , including any none-revenue load

Question 18

describe Basic Equipment?

Answer 18

Is the inconsumable fluids such as coolant , hydraulic fluids , and equipments which are common to all roles for which the operator intends to use the aeroplane

Question 19

describe Basic Weight?

Answer 19

Is the weight of the aircraft and all its basic equipment and that of the declared quantity of unusable fuel and unusable oil

tubine engine : not exceeding 12500 lb 5700 kg it may also include the weight of usable oil

Question 20

What is the Main Purpose of monitoring the mass and balance of aircraft?

Answer 20

To maintain safety

and achieve efficiency in flight