7.1.4 RDS for PostgreSQL

Question 1

What Is RDS for PostgreSQL?

Answer 1

RDS for PostgreSQL is a typical open-source relational database that excels in data
reliability and integrity. It supports Internet e-commerce, geographic location application
systems, financial insurance systems, complex data object processing, and other
applications.
• PostgreSQL is based on Postgres, which was developed at the University of California, Berkeley. After more than 30 years of development, PostgreSQL has become the most powerful open-source database in the world. It has earned a reputation for reliability, stability, and data consistency, and has become the preferred open-source relational database for many enterprises.
• PostgreSQL is an open source object-relational database management system focused on extensibility and standards compliance. It is known as the most advanced open source database. RDS for PostgreSQL is designed for enterprise- oriented OLTP scenarios and supports NoSQL (JSON, XML, or hstore) and GIS data types. It has earned a reputation for reliability and data integrity, and is suitable for websites, location-based applications, and complex data object processing.
• RDS for PostgreSQL supports the Postgres plugin, which provides excellent spatial performance.
• RDS for PostgreSQL is a cost-effective solution for a range of different scenarios. You can flexibly scale resources based on service requirements and you only pay for what you use.

Question 2

What are the advantages of RDS for PostgreSQL?

Answer 2

Ease-of-use
- Services can be provisioned
in minutes, and multiple
specifications are available.

Reliability
- The primary and standby
instances can fail over in
the event of a fault.

Efficient 
management
- A range of metrics are 
monitored and can be 
viewed on the console.

Scalability
- Resources are used on
demand and can be
scaled flexibly.

High 
performance
- Read replicas can be 
created for read/write 
splitting.

Easy migration
- Data Replication Service (DRS)
provides online and offline 
migration and is compatible 
with third-party databases.

Question 3

What are the applications of RDS for PostgreSQL?

Answer 3

1. Mixed-mode operations
2. Multiple data models
3. High Reliability
4. Oracle Replacement

• RDS for PostgreSQL has many advantages. Currently, it is mainly used to migrate Oracle databases.
• Mixed-mode operations combining OLTP and OLAP are supported.
• Multiple data models are applicable to spatiotemporal, geographic, heterogeneous, image, text retrieval, time series, stream computing, and multi- dimensional scenarios.
• Huawei provides you with a reliable database service and keeps your data consistent.
• To replace Oracle databases, there are two solutions available:
▫ Use RDS for PostgreSQL Enhanced Edition.
▫ Use RDS for PostgreSQL Community Edition and Oracle plug-ins.

Question 4

What are the RDS for PostgreSQL Features?

Answer 4

1. Database type
2. Security,
3. HA,
4. Monitoring,
5. Elastic scaling
6. Log management
7. Parameter configuration

• RDS for PostgreSQL has the following features:
▫ Database type: PostgreSQL 9.5, 9.6, 10.0, 11, 12, and Enhanced Edition are provided.
▫ Security: Multiple security measures such as VPCs, subnets, security groups, and SSL are provided to protect databases and user privacy.
▫ HA: Data is automatically synchronized from a primary DB instance to a standby DB instance. If the primary DB instance fails, services are quickly and automatically switched over to the standby DB instance.
▫ Monitoring: Key performance metrics of RDS DB instances are monitored. These metrics include the CPU usage, memory usage, storage space usage, I/O activity, database connections, QPS, TPS, buffer pools, and read/write activities.
▫ Elastic scaling
▪ Horizontal scaling: Read replicas (up to five for each instance) can be created or deleted.
▪ Vertical scaling: DB instance classes can be modified.
▪ Instances can be scaled out with a few clicks and without interrupting services.
▫ Log management: Slow query logs and error logs can be queried.
▫ Parameter configuration: Database administrators (DBAs) can tune database performance by optimizing DB engine parameters based on metrics and logs.

Question 5

What is RDS for PostgreSQL Features - High Availability?

Answer 5

Benefits of the HA cluster architecture:
 You can choose a failover policy to prioritize reliability or
availability.
 DB instances can be deployed in one AZ or across AZs and can
automatically fail over within a cluster.
 You can manually switch a primary instance to standby to
simulate a fault.
 A read replica can automatically associate itself with a new
primary node.
 A switchover can be completed in seconds.
 The standby database does not handle traffic. It only ensures
RTO.
 A Huawei-developed HA Monitor module is used.
 Virtual IP addresses can be switched completely invisibly to the
applications.
 Multiple primary/standby switchovers can be performed.
 Automatic fault detection is provided.

Question 6

What is RTO?

Answer 6

• RTO stands for Recovery Time Objective. It is the length of time from when an IT system breaks down and services stop to when the system recovers.

Question 7

What is HA Monitor?

Answer 7

• HA Monitor is an HA monitoring module.

Question 8

RDS for PostgreSQL Features - Point-In-Time Recovery (PITR)?

Answer 8

 Backup cycle: 7 to 732 days
 Pay-per-use: Free EVS storage space 
equal to the requested storage and 
virtually limitlessly expandable
 Reliability: Up to 11 nines of data 
reliability
 Security encryption: KMS encryption and 
multiple protections
Data archived in OBS can be restored to 
any point in time