7.1.3 - Research into Deprivation

Question 1

3 stages of short term deprivation

Answer 1

1. Protest - child is crying profusely, panicking, distress (bahaviour to encourage return of caregiver). refuses comfort from other adults or displays exaggerate clinging to an adult
2. Despair - after few days, child will loose interest in surroundings, withdrawn, increasing hopelessness no longer anticipating return of caregiver
3. Detachment - becomes alert and interested again, crys less. when mother returns child rejects comfort and attachment is damaged as trust and security lost

Robertson & Bowlby (1952) - Pdiddy model:

Question 2

procedure and findings

5x AO1 - Robertson and Robertson

Answer 2

• 1968 they observed John who was staying at a nursery while his mother was giving birth + recorded his behaviour over the 9 day period
• first he tried to form attachments with the nursery staff
• he began to protest and cry but eventually was quiet and unresponsive to staff or other children
• when collected he ignored his mother and cried showing detachment
• the protest, despair and detachment he experianced was same as other children seperated from primary caregiver

Question 3

what it is, research findings eg.., results

Causes of long term deprivation

Divorce

4 points

Answer 3

• one parent leaving family home with little to no contact with children
• could lead to family reordering
• Cockett and Tripp (1994) - children in reordered families = problems in school, health and his increased with multiple reorderings. intact families with low conflict = better but as conflict increased so did academic, social and emotional issues.
• divorce and reordering has adverse effects on children, as did conflict but to a lesser degree

Question 4

what it is, effects, research evidence eg…

Causes of long term deprivation

Death (of a parent)

4 points

Answer 4

• rarely involves conflict eg like divorce and family provides high levels of support for child in those circumstances
• child unlikely to be angry as its not a separation choice the family makes
• long term D more serious consequences (however only found in correlational research)
• Rutter’s (1981) Isle of Wight Study - reason for seperation is more important than the seperation = death better than divorce

Question 5

AO1 Reducing negative effects of D

Answer 5

• according to bowlby ST affects can only be removed my reunion with primary caregiver
• ST separation can be eased by a replacement attachment figure
• Orphanage studies show this - improvements could be made if there was someone who provided support to children and give them individual care
• older children are more able to deal with st separation eg daycare only past 2yrs old
• if separation LT eg divorce, children suffer less adverse affects if conflict is minimal or not witnessed
• to avoid permanent deprivation, the non-custodial parent should try and maintain regular contact with children
• children allowed to morn death of parent suffer less depression (Saler et al)