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Western Civ Final > 70 Mulitple Choice Questions > Flashcards

70 Mulitple Choice Questions Flashcards

1
Q

Which of the following social groups emerged after the revival of towns in the eleventh century?

A

Long-distance traders and merchants

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2
Q

In the eighth century, wide use of what invention made the cavalry indispensable?

A

Stirrups

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3
Q

________ were the nobleman’s profession; ________ was his sole occupation.

A

Arms, warfare

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4
Q

The ceremonial entrance into knighthood was known as ________.

A

dubbing

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5
Q

Which of the following are the two basic types of clerical vocation?

A

monastic clergy and regular clergy

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6
Q

Which of the following is the correct order of the clergy, from the top down?

A

bishops, cathedral canons, and poor parish priests

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7
Q

Which of the following were least likely to be taxed by secular rulers?

A

clergy

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8
Q

Many peasants lived on ________ run by medieval nobility.

A

manors

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9
Q

Monopolies held by the landowners (and that tenants had to use) were known as ________.

A

banalities

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10
Q

Feudal lords supported towns by granting ________ to those agreeing to live and work in them.

A

charters

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11
Q

The Black Death refers to ________.

A

a virulent plague that struck fourteenth-century Europe

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12
Q

The Black Death ________.

A

was preceded by years of famine that weakened the populace.

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13
Q

Generally speaking, the Black Death moved ________ through Europe.

A

north and west

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14
Q

The Black Death found its way into Europe via ________.

A

Italy

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15
Q

The plague barely touched areas away from major trade routes such as ________.

A

Russia

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16
Q

Which of the following was thought by contemporaries to have caused the Black Death?

A

The Jewish Community

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17
Q

The Statute of Laborers ________.

A

limited wages to pre-plague levels.

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18
Q

The French peasant uprising of 1358 is known as the ________.

A

Jacquerie

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19
Q

The Hundred Years’ War took place primarily in _______

A

France

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20
Q

The Hundred Years’ War was fought between ________.

A

England and France

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21
Q

Which of the following cities played a key role in the trade between Europe and the Near East?

A

Venice

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22
Q

Medieval Europe was a feudal society that had a(n) ________.

A

agricultural economy and was dominated by the church.

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23
Q

Which of the following cities had uninterrupted trade with the Near East throughout the Middle Ages?

A

Pisa

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24
Q

Which of the following comprised Florence’s popolo grosso in the Renaissance?

A

Capitalists and bankers

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25
Q

What occurred in 1378 as a result of the unbearable conditions for those at the bottom of society and the disruption caused by the Black Death?

A

Chomping Revolt

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26
Q

Cosimo de’ Medici brought stability to which city after his rise to power in 1434?

A

Florence

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27
Q

The first humanists were ________.

A

orators and poets.

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28
Q

Who was known as the “father of humanism”?

A

Francesco Petrarch

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29
Q

Which of the following was the most important intellectual recovery made during the Italian Renaissance?

A

Greek studies

30
Q

The great masters of the High Renaissance were ________.

A

Leonardo da Vinci, Raphael, and Michelangelo

31
Q

The Reformation broke out first in the cities of ________.

A

England and Germany

32
Q

From the thirteenth to fifteenth centuries, lay religious groups shared a common goal of religious __________.

A

simplicity

33
Q

Martin Luther ________.

A

was the son of a successful Thüringian miner.

34
Q

In his Address to the Christian Nobility of the German Nation, Luther urged the German princes to ________.

A

force reforms on the Roman Catholic Church.

35
Q

Luther’s impulse to reform church doctrine focused on _______.

A

salvation

36
Q

German Protestant rulers realized the political implications of the demise of the Roman Catholic Church and formed a defensive alliance called the ________.

A

Schmalkaldic League.

37
Q

The Reformation in Zurich was led by ________.

A

Ulrich Zwingli

38
Q

Anabaptists are the sixteenth-century ancestors of which of the following modern groups?

A

Mennonites and Amish

39
Q

What event was held in the attempt to unite Swiss and German Protestants?

A

The Marburg Colloquy

40
Q

How did predestination factor into Calvin’s theology?

A

It was central to his theology

41
Q

Which writer advised people to look within themselves for religious truth and no longer to churches and creeds?

A

Valentin Weigel

42
Q

The Peace of Augsburg recognized that ________.

A

the ruler of a land would determine the religion of the land.

43
Q

The most successful politique was ________

A

Elizabeth I of England.

44
Q

Who did John Knox target in his work First Blast of the Trumpet against the Terrible Regiment of Women?

A

Mary I of England

45
Q

What sparked the first wave of Protestant persecution in France?

A

The capture of the French king Francis I at the Battle of Pavia

46
Q

Who were the three powerful families that sought the French monarchy after the death of king Henry II?

A

The Bourbons, the Montmorency-Chatillons, and the Guises

47
Q

Huguenots made up about ________ of the French population, but _______ of the aristocracy.

A

one-fifteenth, two-fifths

48
Q

The Edict of Nantes was criticized for ________.

A

turning a long cold war into a long hot war.

49
Q

The ruler of Spain for most of the late 1500s was

A

Philip II.

50
Q

What is William of Orange known for?

A

He led the movement for the independence of the Netherlands from Spain.

51
Q

The seven provinces that became the United Provinces of the Netherlands emerged as a nation in 1572 after revolting against______.

A

Spain

52
Q

After the economy declined and shipbuilding was taken over by England, the Dutch remained strong in _______.

A

financial institutions.

53
Q

What model of government was able to foster a strong monarchy with a secure financial base that was not dependent on noble estates, diets, or assemblies?

A

Political absolutism embodied in France

54
Q

The Militia Ordinance gave the English Parliament the power to________.

A

raise its own army

55
Q

Who were the supporters of Charles I and Parliament in England’s 1642–1646 civil war?

A

The cavaliers and the roundheads, respectively

56
Q

During the reign of James I, the British Parliament met ________.

A

only when convened by the monarch

57
Q

Under the Treaty of Dover, Charles II allied with the ______ against the ______.

A

French, Dutch

58
Q

Charles I might have ruled indefinitely without Parliament had his religious policies not provoked war with_______.

A

Scotland

59
Q

After Cromwell’s death, the English were soon ready to restore______.

A

the monarchy and the Anglican Church.

60
Q

Which of the following kings issued the first Declaration of Indulgence in 1672?

A

Charles II

61
Q

Galileo believed that all aspects of nature could be described in terms of ______.

A

mathematical relationships.

62
Q

The scientific fact that the orbits of the planets are elliptical was discovered by ______.

A

Johannas Kepler

63
Q

During the sixteenth and seventeenth centuries, the discoveries that most captured the public imagination were made in _______.

A

astronomy

64
Q

Who published On the Revolutions of the Heavenly Spheres and rejected the notion of an earth-centered universe?

A

Nicolaus Copernicus

65
Q

Who addressed the issue of planetary motion and established a basis for physics that endured for more than two centuries?

A

Issac Newton

66
Q

Who is known as the father of empiricism?

A

Francis Bacon

67
Q

Although he invented analytic geometry, whose most important contribution was to develop a scientific method that relied more on deduction?

A

René Descartes

68
Q

Descartes divided existing things into two categories: body and ______.

A

mind

69
Q

Hobbes saw human beings as ________.

A

self-centered, power-hungry creatures

70
Q

Maria Winkelmann made her contributions in the field of _______.

A

astronomy

Western Civ Final (1 decks)

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