70 Mulitple Choice Questions

Question 1

Which of the following social groups emerged after the revival of towns in the eleventh century?

Answer 1

Long-distance traders and merchants

Question 2

In the eighth century, wide use of what invention made the cavalry indispensable?

Answer 2

Stirrups

Question 3

________ were the nobleman’s profession; ________ was his sole occupation.

Answer 3

Arms, warfare

Question 4

The ceremonial entrance into knighthood was known as ________.

Answer 4

dubbing

Question 5

Which of the following are the two basic types of clerical vocation?

Answer 5

monastic clergy and regular clergy

Question 6

Which of the following is the correct order of the clergy, from the top down?

Answer 6

bishops, cathedral canons, and poor parish priests

Question 7

Which of the following were least likely to be taxed by secular rulers?

Answer 7

clergy

Question 8

Many peasants lived on ________ run by medieval nobility.

Answer 8

manors

Question 9

Monopolies held by the landowners (and that tenants had to use) were known as ________.

Answer 9

banalities

Question 10

Feudal lords supported towns by granting ________ to those agreeing to live and work in them.

Answer 10

charters

Question 11

The Black Death refers to ________.

Answer 11

a virulent plague that struck fourteenth-century Europe

Question 12

The Black Death ________.

Answer 12

was preceded by years of famine that weakened the populace.

Question 13

Generally speaking, the Black Death moved ________ through Europe.

Answer 13

north and west

Question 14

The Black Death found its way into Europe via ________.

Answer 14

Italy

Question 15

The plague barely touched areas away from major trade routes such as ________.

Answer 15

Russia

Question 16

Which of the following was thought by contemporaries to have caused the Black Death?

Answer 16

The Jewish Community

Question 17

The Statute of Laborers ________.

Answer 17

limited wages to pre-plague levels.

Question 18

The French peasant uprising of 1358 is known as the ________.

Answer 18

Jacquerie

Question 19

The Hundred Years’ War took place primarily in _______

Answer 19

France

Question 20

The Hundred Years’ War was fought between ________.

Answer 20

England and France

Question 21

Which of the following cities played a key role in the trade between Europe and the Near East?

Answer 21

Venice

Question 22

Medieval Europe was a feudal society that had a(n) ________.

Answer 22

agricultural economy and was dominated by the church.

Question 23

Which of the following cities had uninterrupted trade with the Near East throughout the Middle Ages?

Answer 23

Pisa

Question 24

Which of the following comprised Florence’s popolo grosso in the Renaissance?

Answer 24

Capitalists and bankers

Question 25

What occurred in 1378 as a result of the unbearable conditions for those at the bottom of society and the disruption caused by the Black Death?

Answer 25

Chomping Revolt

Question 26

Cosimo de’ Medici brought stability to which city after his rise to power in 1434?

Answer 26

Florence

Question 27

The first humanists were ________.

Answer 27

orators and poets.

Question 28

Who was known as the “father of humanism”?

Answer 28

Francesco Petrarch

Question 29

Which of the following was the most important intellectual recovery made during the Italian Renaissance?

Answer 29

Greek studies

Question 30

The great masters of the High Renaissance were ________.

Answer 30

Leonardo da Vinci, Raphael, and Michelangelo

Question 31

The Reformation broke out first in the cities of ________.

Answer 31

England and Germany

Question 32

From the thirteenth to fifteenth centuries, lay religious groups shared a common goal of religious __________.

Answer 32

simplicity

Question 33

Martin Luther ________.

Answer 33

was the son of a successful Thüringian miner.

Question 34

In his Address to the Christian Nobility of the German Nation, Luther urged the German princes to ________.

Answer 34

force reforms on the Roman Catholic Church.

Question 35

Luther’s impulse to reform church doctrine focused on _______.

Answer 35

salvation

Question 36

German Protestant rulers realized the political implications of the demise of the Roman Catholic Church and formed a defensive alliance called the ________.

Answer 36

Schmalkaldic League.

Question 37

The Reformation in Zurich was led by ________.

Answer 37

Ulrich Zwingli

Question 38

Anabaptists are the sixteenth-century ancestors of which of the following modern groups?

Answer 38

Mennonites and Amish

Question 39

What event was held in the attempt to unite Swiss and German Protestants?

Answer 39

The Marburg Colloquy

Question 40

How did predestination factor into Calvin’s theology?

Answer 40

It was central to his theology

Question 41

Which writer advised people to look within themselves for religious truth and no longer to churches and creeds?

Answer 41

Valentin Weigel

Question 42

The Peace of Augsburg recognized that ________.

Answer 42

the ruler of a land would determine the religion of the land.

Question 43

The most successful politique was ________

Answer 43

Elizabeth I of England.

Question 44

Who did John Knox target in his work First Blast of the Trumpet against the Terrible Regiment of Women?

Answer 44

Mary I of England

Question 45

What sparked the first wave of Protestant persecution in France?

Answer 45

The capture of the French king Francis I at the Battle of Pavia

Question 46

Who were the three powerful families that sought the French monarchy after the death of king Henry II?

Answer 46

The Bourbons, the Montmorency-Chatillons, and the Guises

Question 47

Huguenots made up about ________ of the French population, but _______ of the aristocracy.

Answer 47

one-fifteenth, two-fifths

Question 48

The Edict of Nantes was criticized for ________.

Answer 48

turning a long cold war into a long hot war.

Question 49

The ruler of Spain for most of the late 1500s was

Answer 49

Philip II.

Question 50

What is William of Orange known for?

Answer 50

He led the movement for the independence of the Netherlands from Spain.

Question 51

The seven provinces that became the United Provinces of the Netherlands emerged as a nation in 1572 after revolting against______.

Answer 51

Spain

Question 52

After the economy declined and shipbuilding was taken over by England, the Dutch remained strong in _______.

Answer 52

financial institutions.

Question 53

What model of government was able to foster a strong monarchy with a secure financial base that was not dependent on noble estates, diets, or assemblies?

Answer 53

Political absolutism embodied in France

Question 54

The Militia Ordinance gave the English Parliament the power to________.

Answer 54

raise its own army

Question 55

Who were the supporters of Charles I and Parliament in England’s 1642–1646 civil war?

Answer 55

The cavaliers and the roundheads, respectively

Question 56

During the reign of James I, the British Parliament met ________.

Answer 56

only when convened by the monarch

Question 57

Under the Treaty of Dover, Charles II allied with the ______ against the ______.

Answer 57

French, Dutch

Question 58

Charles I might have ruled indefinitely without Parliament had his religious policies not provoked war with_______.

Answer 58

Scotland

Question 59

After Cromwell’s death, the English were soon ready to restore______.

Answer 59

the monarchy and the Anglican Church.

Question 60

Which of the following kings issued the first Declaration of Indulgence in 1672?

Answer 60

Charles II

Question 61

Galileo believed that all aspects of nature could be described in terms of ______.

Answer 61

mathematical relationships.

Question 62

The scientific fact that the orbits of the planets are elliptical was discovered by ______.

Answer 62

Johannas Kepler

Question 63

During the sixteenth and seventeenth centuries, the discoveries that most captured the public imagination were made in _______.

Answer 63

astronomy

Question 64

Who published On the Revolutions of the Heavenly Spheres and rejected the notion of an earth-centered universe?

Answer 64

Nicolaus Copernicus

Question 65

Who addressed the issue of planetary motion and established a basis for physics that endured for more than two centuries?

Answer 65

Issac Newton

Question 66

Who is known as the father of empiricism?

Answer 66

Francis Bacon

Question 67

Although he invented analytic geometry, whose most important contribution was to develop a scientific method that relied more on deduction?

Answer 67

René Descartes

Question 68

Descartes divided existing things into two categories: body and ______.

Answer 68

mind

Question 69

Hobbes saw human beings as ________.

Answer 69

self-centered, power-hungry creatures

Question 70

Maria Winkelmann made her contributions in the field of _______.

Answer 70

astronomy