7- Week 7 - Group Processes Flashcards
Explain the basic group features of ‘roles’
Roles - Peoples set of expected behaviours in a group
Can be formal (titled) or informal.
Instrumental role - helps achieve group tasks
Expressive role - Provide emotional support and maintain morale.
Explain the basic group features of ‘norms’
Norms - rules of conduct for members
Can be formal (written) or informal.
Conformity is big here.
Explain the basic group features of ‘cohesiveness’
Cohesiveness - the extent to which forces push group members closer together (intimacy, unity and commitment)
Describe the differential effects of ‘social facilitation’
A process whereby the presence of others enhances performance on easy tasks but impairs performance on difficult tasks.
Describe the differential effects of ‘social loafing’
A group-produced reduction in individual output on tasks where contributors are pooled (people relax when others are a part of the effort)
Describe the differential effects of ‘deindividuation’
The loss of a persons sense of individuality and reduction of normal constraints against deviant behaviour.
Identify the key processes that impact on group performance
Process loss - reduction in performance due to group process.
Process gain - increase in performance by group where group outperforms individuals.
Brainstorming - idea collection to produce creative ideas.
Polarisation - the exaggeration of initial tendencies in the thinking of group members through group discussion.
Groupthink - an excessive tendency among group members to seek concurrence.
Explain the nature of conflict in social dilemmas, how it escalates and reduction?
Social dilemma - a self-interested choice by everyone will create the worst outcome for everyone. Personal benefit conflicts with over all good.
Escalated by - situational factors, group dynamics and structural arrangements.
Negotiation and finding common ground help to reduce conflict
