7) Syntax of Predicate Logic Flashcards
What is a predicate letter
Any of the Capital letters where k n are missing or a numeral
What is the upper index of a predicate letter called?
Arity
What is a constant?
a, b, c, a1 - can be used to formulate proper names.
What do we use a predicate letter for?
To denote an event e.g. the capital of France is, or it is raining, or likes to have things like that.
What is the name for the 1,2,3 types of predicate letters
Unary, binary, ternary
What are the two types of uses of pronouns?
I) Lazy e.g. tom hates mary and she hates him
ii) Quantificational e.g. a person is morally responsible iff she acts freely
How do we say for all
∀
How do we say ‘there is at least one’
∃
What are uses for the purpose of generalisation called?
Quantificational
What is a variable
x, y , z - used for pronouns as well for any type of variable e.g. x is a snake iff it is red.
What is an atomic formula?
Anything that has the right predicate letter / the right constant and variable.
What is a quantifier?
an expression where ∀v or ∃v where v is a variable
What is a free variable?
A variable with no bound to a quantifier. For all or at least one is bound it becomes a sentence
What can’t you have after a quantifier?
A constant
When can you not have brackets?
When there is not conjunction between the two.
