7 Strategic Environmental Assessment

Question 1

Define SEA?

Answer 1

Systematic decision support process aiming to ensure that environmental and sustainability aspects are considered in policy and programmes that affect natural resources

Question 2

What does SEA evaluate?

Answer 2

Social and environmental impacts as well as economic

Question 3

In what scales does SEA operate?

Answer 3

Sectoral, regional and national

Question 4

What tools does SEA involve?

Answer 4

Fiscal incentives, land use plan and sustainable development policy?

Question 5

What does SEA promote?

Answer 5

Smart growth, pollution prevention and sustainability

Question 6

What are the types of SEA?

Answer 6

Impact centred, institution centred and combined

Question 7

What are the steps involved in SEA?

Answer 7

Identification of Env Priorities
Stakeholder Analysis
Assessment of Institutional and Capacity Gaps
Policy Recommendations
Political and Economic Assessments of Proposed Adjustments

Question 8

Why is Uganda and other Nile Equatorial Lakes regions in need of SEA?

Answer 8

Experiencing acute land of electric power

Question 9

What did the World Bank support?

Answer 9

The Strategic Impact Assessment of major regional power development options and regional transmissions of power

Question 10

What did the assessment find?

Answer 10

Buijagali Falls on the upper Victoria Nile in Uganda was a project with high potential for generating HEP power

Question 11

What is the most important factors for agricultural productivity and farmer’s livelihood and food security?

Answer 11

Access to and control over irrigation systems

Question 12

What is irrigation a common example of?

Answer 12

Social inequality

Question 13

What is distribution of irrigation related to for many developing countries?

Answer 13

Land ownership which is biased against the landless and poor

Question 14

What do the farmers are the tail end of irrigation experience?

Answer 14

Higher transaction costs when trying to negotiate water access due to spatial disadvantages

Question 15

What 2 main characteristics relate to access to irrigation?

Answer 15

Socio-economic characteristics of household e.g. class/caste, gender, wealth, and the characteristics of the irrigation system itself

Question 16

What are Dalits also known as?

Answer 16

Untouchables

Question 17

What was the Dalit population in Nepal in 2011?

Answer 17

13.1%

Question 18

What are the social impacts of being Dalit?

Answer 18

48% higher poverty
40% lower literacy
60% higher childhood malnutrition
85% higher food deficiency

Question 19

What is Dalit life expectancy in Nepal compared to rest of population?

Answer 19

48 years compared to 70.25

Question 20

What is different about Dalit households?

Answer 20

Greater proportion of female headed households due to migration of males to find work in urban areas

Question 21

How much of the Nepalese population is reliant on agriculture?

Answer 21

80%

Question 22

Who are at the head ends of irrigation systems?

Answer 22

Higher castes, larger commercial farms with better irrigation systems and greater investment

Question 23

Who is at the tail ends of irrigation systems?

Answer 23

Smaller farms often used for subsistence, lower castes (larger proportion of Dalits) lack of investment and infrastructure

Question 24

Therefore what is needed?

Answer 24

Institutional arrangement that develops fair allocation of resources

Question 25

Describe the government led irrigation systems

Answer 25

Often made of concrete, geared towards large commercial farms (large farms - contribute back into the economy) which are expensive to install and manage and leakages often occur because community cannot fix the cracks

Question 26

Describe the farm led irrigation systems?

Answer 26

Constructed through communal efforts, they are built within the community’s capacity and therefore they are able to maintain them

Question 27

Success of each of the systems?

Answer 27

Farmer led are primitive but 72% were highly performing compared to 42% of government led systems