7 Strategic Environmental Assessment Flashcards
Define SEA?
Systematic decision support process aiming to ensure that environmental and sustainability aspects are considered in policy and programmes that affect natural resources
What does SEA evaluate?
Social and environmental impacts as well as economic
In what scales does SEA operate?
Sectoral, regional and national
What tools does SEA involve?
Fiscal incentives, land use plan and sustainable development policy?
What does SEA promote?
Smart growth, pollution prevention and sustainability
What are the types of SEA?
Impact centred, institution centred and combined
What are the steps involved in SEA?
Identification of Env Priorities
Stakeholder Analysis
Assessment of Institutional and Capacity Gaps
Policy Recommendations
Political and Economic Assessments of Proposed Adjustments
Why is Uganda and other Nile Equatorial Lakes regions in need of SEA?
Experiencing acute land of electric power
What did the World Bank support?
The Strategic Impact Assessment of major regional power development options and regional transmissions of power
What did the assessment find?
Buijagali Falls on the upper Victoria Nile in Uganda was a project with high potential for generating HEP power
What is the most important factors for agricultural productivity and farmer’s livelihood and food security?
Access to and control over irrigation systems
What is irrigation a common example of?
Social inequality
What is distribution of irrigation related to for many developing countries?
Land ownership which is biased against the landless and poor
What do the farmers are the tail end of irrigation experience?
Higher transaction costs when trying to negotiate water access due to spatial disadvantages
What 2 main characteristics relate to access to irrigation?
Socio-economic characteristics of household e.g. class/caste, gender, wealth, and the characteristics of the irrigation system itself
What are Dalits also known as?
Untouchables
What was the Dalit population in Nepal in 2011?
13.1%
What are the social impacts of being Dalit?
48% higher poverty
40% lower literacy
60% higher childhood malnutrition
85% higher food deficiency
What is Dalit life expectancy in Nepal compared to rest of population?
48 years compared to 70.25
What is different about Dalit households?
Greater proportion of female headed households due to migration of males to find work in urban areas
How much of the Nepalese population is reliant on agriculture?
80%
Who are at the head ends of irrigation systems?
Higher castes, larger commercial farms with better irrigation systems and greater investment
Who is at the tail ends of irrigation systems?
Smaller farms often used for subsistence, lower castes (larger proportion of Dalits) lack of investment and infrastructure
Therefore what is needed?
Institutional arrangement that develops fair allocation of resources
Describe the government led irrigation systems
Often made of concrete, geared towards large commercial farms (large farms - contribute back into the economy) which are expensive to install and manage and leakages often occur because community cannot fix the cracks
Describe the farm led irrigation systems?
Constructed through communal efforts, they are built within the community’s capacity and therefore they are able to maintain them
Success of each of the systems?
Farmer led are primitive but 72% were highly performing compared to 42% of government led systems
