7. infectious diseases Flashcards
Above diaphragm/respiratory anaerobic infection, antibiotic?
Clindamycin
Below diaphragm/GI anaerobic infection, antibiotic?
metronidazole (carbapenems, cofoxitin, cefotetan)
chlamydia, ricketsial, early lyme disease(rash, joint or facial palsy)
doxycycline
pneumocystic pneumonia, uncomplicated cystitis
TMP/SMZ
tetracyclines(other than doxy) and griseofulvvin??
not used anymore
Staph aureus infections?
osteomylitis, regular EndoCarditis, skin inf., septic arthritis,
where epidermis inf. seen?
its on skin, and when skin integrity broken. cathether in dialysis, prosthetic valve or joint, csf in neurosurgery
strep
strep pneumoniea in lungs
strep viridan in heart
68 female e fever, blood culture shows streptococcus viridan, what to do?
echocardiogram, because it causes endocarditis.
staph/strep inf. best initial antibiotics?
oxicillin, cloxillin, dicloxillin, naficilin
pt develops rash with penicillin?
1st gen. cephalosporins (cefazolin, cefalexin, cefadroxil), the cross reactivity is <10%
pt. develops anaphylaxis with penicillin? then
do not use other beta lactam antibiotics too.
cephalosporins, <10% cross reactivity
carbapenems (<1%)
monobactams (aztreonam) 0% but its only for gram -ve rods
pt develops anaphylaxis with penicillin, which antibiotic next?
mild infection= macrolide (erythromycin, azithromycin, clarithromycin)
Clindamycin (like macrolides in coverage but does not cover legionella and mycoplasma but cover anaerobes)
MRSA antibiotic?
vancomycin, linezolid, daptomycin,
tigercycline(covers gram -ve, anaerobes too)
gram negative organisms?
e.coli, klebsiella, pseudomonas, citrobactor, enterobactor, serratia
when its gram -ve rods commonly?
pyeonephritis, ascending colangitis, cholecystitis, peritonitis
Agents used for gram -ve rods?
Aminoglycosides, carbapenems, aztreonams, flouroquinolones (all of these 4 groups cover 80 to 90% gram -ve rods)
third and 4th generation cephalosporins can be used too
antipseudomonal agents?
piperacillin, tigercilin, azlocilin, mezlocillin
ampicillin covers? (amino-penicillin)
streptococci, anaerobes, gram negatives
but not staphylococci, so sulbactam is added then it covers staphylococci and gram -ve coverage expanded
amoxicilin covers? (amino-oxy-penicilline)
streptococci, anaerobes, gram negatives
but not staphylococci, so clavulinic acid (augmentin) is added then it covers staphylococci and gram -ve coverage expanded
Piperacillin covers?
streptococci, anaerobes, gram negatives
but not staphylococci, so tazobactam is added then it covers staphylococci and gram -ve coverage expanded
influenza drugs?
OseltammIvir
ZanamIvir
HIV, AIDS,
Medicine?
RitonAvir IndinAvir SaquinAvir NalfinAvir AmprenAvir AtazanAvir (protease inhibitors)
HSV 1,2
VZV drugs?
AcyclOvir
ValOvir
FamOvir