7-Flavor Analysis Flashcards
What makes volatiles analysis difficult
- Laboratory instrument is not as sensitive as human
- Flavor instability
- Distributed throughout food matrix
- Numerous amount
- Comprised of a large number of chemical classes
- Minor component also very contributes to the flavor and aroma
4 method of Sample preparation
- Crushing
- Homogenization
- Extraction
- Concentration
3 main factors that cause chemical changes
- Cellular disruption
- Decompartmentalization
- Active enzyme
3 main causes that could inhibit making the sample preparation
- Contamination
- Long Process ( microbial growth & oxidative changes )
- High Temperature
2 factors of aroma isolation
- Solubility
- Volatility
Formula of aroma compound in gas phase kgf
(conc. gas phase)/(conc. food phase)
Methods to determine off-flavor
- isolate the aroma with objectionable character
- Choose the method that is suitable for that compound
Methods to determine aroma profile
Combination of several isolation to get full overall profile
Methods to isolate aroma are
- Static Headspace
- Dynamic Headspace
- Distillation Methods
- Solvent Extraction
- sorptive Extraction
- concentration for Analysis
Methods to analyze aroma isolation
- Pre-fractionation
- Gas Chromatography
- Mass spectrometry
- Gas chromatography/Olfactometry
Advantages and Disadvantages of using Static Headspace
Advantages -Simple, Gentle, and easily automated Disadvantages -Lack of sensitivity - limited to 10 ml - Volatiles that is bigger than 10^-7 can be detected - Complicated of a quantitative study
Advantages and Disadvantages of using Dynamic Headspace
Advantages
-Strong Affinity
- Large Capacity
Disadvantages
-Least Selective ( removal of water is needed )
- Low adsorption capacity
- May further distort aroma profiles due to entrapment: cryogenic, adsorptive polymer, charcoal, etc.
3 Distillation methods
- High vacuum molecular distillation
- Steam Distillation
- Thermal desorpition
Another name of Sorptive Extraction
SPME ( Solid Phase Micro Extraction )
3 Methods for Specific Analysis
- Aroma Extract Dilution a
analysisf - Atmospheric Pressure Ionization-MS
- Electric noses
