7 Facts of each virus Flashcards
1
Q
What is the memory hook for poliovirus?
A
The Flamingo Breeding Pool
2
Q
What type of genetic information does poliovirus have?
A
ss RNA
3
Q
What is the major dz of poliovirus?
A
Poliomyelitis
4
Q
What is the transmission of Poliovirus?
A
Fecal-oral
5
Q
Diagnosis of poliovirus
A
Sequencing by RT-PCR by the CDC
6
Q
Pathogenesis of poliovirus
A
Viremia –> invasion of the CNS –> Lytic destruction of anterior horn cells
7
Q
Vaccines for poliovirus
A
Live-attenuated oral/killed-virus injection
8
Q
Anti-viral therapy for poliovirus
A
None
9
Q
Consequences of poliovirus
A
Long lived protective immunity or paralysis
10
Q
What is the memory hook for Coxsackie A virus?
A
Coxsackie Cockatoos
11
Q
What type of gen. info does the Coxsackie virus have?
A
ssRNA
12
Q
What dz is associated with Coxsackie virus?
A
Hand, Foot, and Mouth disease
13
Q
What is the transmission for Coxsackie virus?
A
Fecal-Oral
14
Q
Diagnosis of Coxsackie virus
A
Clinical dx or RT-PCR
15
Q
Pathogenesis of Coxsackie virus
A
Viremia –> target skin –> cell death
16
Q
Vaccines for Coxsackie virus
A
None
17
Q
Anti-viral therapy for Coxsackie virus
A
None
18
Q
Consequence of Coxsackie virus
A
Long-lived protective immunity
19
Q
D68 memory hook
A
The Peak-Orna Animal Nursery
20
Q
What type of gen. info does D68 have?
A
ssRNA
21
Q
Dz of D68
A
Resp. Inf.
22
Q
Transmission of D68
A
Resp. and contact with contaminated surfaces
23
Q
Dx of D68
A
PCR and/or isolate virus and culture for cytopathic effect
24
Q
Pathogenesis of D68
A
Viremia leading to resp. tract inf.
25
Vaccines for D68
NONE
26
Anti-viral's for D68
Pleconaril (severe cases)
27
Consequences of D68
Long lived protective immunity
28
Hepatitis A virus memory hook
Hungry Hungry Hep A Hippos
29
What type of gen info does Hep A have?
ssRNA
30
Dz of Hep A
Hepatitis
31
Transmission of Hep A
Fecal-Oral
32
Dx of Hep A
IgM serology by antibody capture
33
Pathogenesis of Hep A
Viremia --> Target Liver
34
Vaccines for Hep A
Killed virus
35
Anti viral therapy for Hep A
Vaccine during prodrome period of infx
36
Consequence for Hep A
Long lived protective immunity
37
Rotavirus memory hook
A Race on the Rio
38
What type of gen info does Rotavirus have?
DS segmented RNA
39
Dz for Rotavirus
Diarrhea
40
Transmission for Rotavirus
Fecal-Oral
41
Pathogenesis for Rotavirus
Local replication, enterotoxin production
42
Vaccines for Rotavirus
Rotateq: live attenuated pentavalent vaccine
Rotarix: live attenuated vaccine against one genotype (more commonly given because fewer doses req.)
43
Anti viral therapy for Rotavirus
None
44
Consequence of Rotavirus
Short term immunity, less severe reinfx.
45
Norovirus memory hook
Cali Sea Cruise
46
What type of gen info does Norovirus have?
ssRNA
47
Dz of Norovirus
Diarrhea
48
Transmission of Norovirus
Fecal-oral
49
Dx of Norovirus
RT-PCR by film array
50
Pathogenesis of Norovirus
Lysis and shedding of epithelial cells
51
Vaccines for Norovirus
None
52
Anti-viral therapy for Norovirus
None
53
Consequences of Norovirus
Type specific immunity
54
Influenza virus memory hook
A Night shift at the Orthodontist's
55
What type of gen info does Influenza virus have?
neg RNA segmented enveloped
56
Dz of Influenza virus
The Flu
57
Transmission of Influenza virus
Respiratory
58
Dx of Influenza virus
Film array by RT-PCR
59
Pathogenesis of Influenza virus
Local replication in resp. tract, necrosis of epithelial cells
60
Vaccines for Influenza virus
Live attenuated/killed virus
61
Anti-virals for Influenza virus
Amantadine or Neuraminidase inhibitors
62
Consequences of Influenza virus
Annual reinfection due to antigenic shift and and drift
63
Rhinovirus memory hook
Paranormal mixer
64
What type of gen info does Rhinovirus have?
pos RNA
65
Dz of Rhinovirus
Common cold
66
Transmission of Rhinovirus
Respiratory, fomites
67
Dx of Rhinovirus
Film array RT-PCR assay
68
Pathogenesis of Rhinovirus
Lytic replication in the resp. epithelium
69
Vaccines for Rhinovirus
None
70
Anti-viral therapy for Rhinovirus
None
71
Consequence of Rhinoviruses
Type Specific immunity
72
Respiratory Syncytial Virus memory hook
Paranormal mixer
73
What type of gen info does RSV have?
neg RNA enveloped
74
Dz of RSV
Severe lower resp. tract infx. in children
75
Transmission of RSV
Respiratory
76
Dx of RSV
Film array RT-PCR assay
77
Pathogenesis of RSV
Local replication in resp. tract, necrosis of epithelial cells
78
Vaccine for RSV
Preventative monoclonal abx, Palivizumab
79
Anti viral for RSV
None
80
Consequences of RSV
Short term immunity, less severe reinfection
81
Parainfluenza virus memory hook
Paranormal mixer
82
What type of gen info does Parainfluenza have?
neg RNA enveloped
83
Dz of Parainfluenza
Croup
84
Transmission fo Parainfluenza
Respiratory
85
Dx of Parainfluenza
Clinical dx or RT-PCR
86
Pathogenesis of Parainfluenza
Local replication in resp tract, necrosis of epithelial cells
87
Vaccines for Parainfluenza
None
88
Anti virals for Parainfluenza?
Glucocorticoids for severe cases of Croup
89
Consequences of Parainfluenza
Short term immunity
90
Mumps memory hook
Paranormal Mixer
91
What type of gen info does Mumps have?
neg RNA enveloped
92
Trans of Mumps
Resp (before Paratitis)
93
Dz of mumps
Mumps
94
Dx of Mumps
Clinical, confirmed by serology or sequencing performed by public health dept.
95
Pathogenesis of Mumps
Replication in resp. tract, viremia, targeting parotid gland
96
Vaccine for Mumps
Live-attenuated, MMR
97
Anti viral for Mumps
None
98
Consequences of Mumps
Long-term immunity
99
Measles memory hook
Paranormal mixer
100
What type of gen info does Measles have?
neg RNA enveloped
101
Trans for Measles
Respiratory
102
Dx of Measles
Clinical, confirmed by serology or sequencing performed by public health dept.
103
Pathogenesis of Measles
Replication in resp tract, viremia, rash
104
Dz of Measles
Measles
105
Vaccines for Measles
Live attenuated, MMR
106
Anti viral for Measles
None
107
Consequence of Measles
Long term immunity, SSPE
108
Rubella memory hook
Toga-toga-toga virus
109
What type of gen info does Rubella have?
reg RNA enveloped
110
Dz of Rubella
German measles
111
Transmission of Rubella
- Respiratory
| - Mother to Fetus
112
Dx of Rubella
Serology
113
Pathogenesis of Rubella
Replication in resp tract, viremia, rash
114
Vaccines for Rubella
Live attenuated MMR
115
Anti virals for Rubella
Long term immunity/Congenital Rubella syndrome
116
Parvovirus B19
Bombs Away
117
What type of gen info does Parvo virus B19 have?
ssDNA
118
Dz of Parvovirus B19
Erythema Infectiosums (Fifth disease)
119
Transmission of parvovirus B19
Resp
120
Dx of Parvovirus B19
Clinical dx/serology or PCR of serum from aplastic crisis
121
Pathogenesis of Parvovirus B19
Replicates in Erythroid precursor nuclei
122
Vaccines for Parvovirus B19
None
123
Anti virals for Parvovirus B19
IV Ig for aplastic crisis in immunocompromised patients
124
Consequence of Parvovirus B19
Long tem immunity
125
HIV memory hook
One Cane to Rule them all
126
What type of gen info does HIV have?
posRNA Lentivirus
127
Dz of HIV
Progress to AIDS
128
Trans of HIV
Mother to Child, transfusion, IV drug abuse, sexual
129
Dx of HIV
Serology and confirmation by western blot; RT-PCR for viral load in response to HAART; sequencing to look for drug resistance
130
Pathogenesis of HIV
Depletion of CD4 T cells
131
Vaccines for HIV
None
132
Antiviral therapy for HIV
HAART, multiple RT-inhibitors and protease inhibitors
133
Consequence of HIV
Susceptibility to opportunistic infx., progression to AIDS, death
134
Herpes Simplex Virus I memory hook
Herpes Hermes
135
What type of gen info does HSV I have?
DNA enveloped
136
Dz of HSV I
Cold sores/encephalitis
137
Trans of HSV I/II
Contact
138
Dx of HSV I/II
Clinical Dx, PCR the infected tissue, culture virus from lesion
139
Pathogenesis of HSV I
Replicates in epithelia, latent in trigeminal ganglia, reactivation
140
Vaccines for HSV I/II
None
141
Antivirals for HSV I/II
Acyclovir and Priteliver
142
Consequence of HSV I
Latent infx with recurrence
143
Dz of HSV II
Genital lesions, Neonatal Herpes
144
Pathogenesis of HSV II
Replicates in epithelia, latent in sacral ganglia, reactivation
145
Consequences of HSV II
Latent infx with recurrence, Neonatal death or neurological impairment or death
146
Varicella-Zoster Virus memory hook
Varicella Zeus-ter Virus
147
What type of gen info does VZV have?
DNA enveloped
148
Dz of VZV
Chicken pox/Shingles
149
Trans of VZV
Resp
150
Dx of VZV
Clinical Dx
151
Pathogenesis of VZV
Replicates in resp epithelium, viremia, rash, latent in dorsal root ganglia, reoccurrence as shingles is possible
152
Vaccine for VZV
Acyclovir
153
Consequence of VZV
Latent infx with reoccurrence as shingles
154
Epstein-Barr Virus memory hook
Ye Old Epstein Bar
155
What type of gen info does EBV have?
DNA enveloped
156
Dz of EBV
Infectious mononucleosis
157
Trans of EBV
Resp, Saliva
158
Dx of EBV
Monospot (heterophile Ab) and/or serology for IgM to VCA
159
Pathogenesis of EBV
Replicates and latent in B cells
160
Vaccines for EBV
None
161
Consequences of EBV
Latent infx with sporadic shedding, Burkitt's Lymphoma, Nasopharyngeal carcinoma
162
Anti virals for EBV
None
163
Cytomegalovirus memory hook
Cyto "Mega-Lo" Virus
164
What type of gen info does CMV have?
DNA enveloped
165
Dz of Post transplant pneumonia, Neonatal CMV
Post transplant pneumonia, Neonatal CMV
166
Trans of CMV
Contact/saliva/ secretions/mother to newborn
167
Dx of CMV
PCR, Serology, Histology
168
Pathogenesis of CMV
Infects epithelium, cell proliferation, latency in T cells, macrophages, and other cells
-sporadic shedding
169
Vaccines for CMV
None
170
Antivirals for CMV
Ganiciclovir or Letermovir
171
Consequence of CMV
Latent infx. with life long shedding of virus, sequelae in neonates
172
Human Herpes Virus 6 and 7 memory hook
The Roses of Roseola
173
What type of gen info does HHV 6/7 have?
DNA enveloped
174
Dz of HHV 6/7
Roseola/exanthem subitum
175
Trans of HHV 6/7
Respiratory
176
Dx of HHV 6/7
Clinical Dx
177
Pathogenesis of HHV 6/7
Sudden onset of fever, fever resolves, THEN red rash appears, latency in T cells
178
Vaccines for HHV 6/7
None
179
Antivirals for HHV 6/7
None
180
Consequences for HHV 6/7
Latent infx
181
Human Herpes Virus 8 memory hook
Ring around a Kaposi
182
What type of gen info does HHV 8 have?
DNA enveloped
183
Dz of HHV 8
Kaposi's sarcoma
184
Trans of HHV 8
Sexual contact
185
Dx of HHV 8
Clinical Dx / PCR
186
Pathogenesis of HHV 8
T cells control infx, activation occurs during immunosuppression
187
Vaccines for HHV 8
None
188
Anti virals for HHV 8
None
189
Consequences of HHV 8
Sarcoma lesions in AIDS patients unless treated with HAART
190
Papilloma Virus memory hook
Papilloma Bugs
191
What type of gen info does Papilloma have?
DNA
192
Dz of Papilloma virus
warts, cervical carcinoma
193
Trans of Papilloma virus
Contact
194
Dx of Papilloma
Clinical Dx, Hybridization (Pap smear)
195
Pathogenesis of Papilloma
Virus production associated with cell differentiation
196
Vaccine for Papilloma
Virus like particle vaccine
197
Antiviral for Papilloma
None
198
Consequence of Papilloma
Type 16, 18, 31, 33 Cervical carcinoma
199
Hepatitis B Virus memory hook
Hep B Love
200
What type of gen info does Hep B have?
partial dsDNA enveloped
201
Dz of Hep B
Hepatitis
202
Trans of Hep B
Mother to Child, transfusion, IV drug abuse, sexual
203
Dx of Hep B
Serology by antibody capture
204
pathogenesis of Hep B
Viremia, targeting of the liver, persist in cells
205
Vaccine of Hep B
Subunit vaccine
206
Anti viral for Hep B
NRTIs
207
Consequences of Hep B
Hepatocellular Carcinoma
208
Hepatitis C virus memory hook
The Hep Sea
209
What type of gen info does Hep C have?
pos RNA enveloped
210
Dz of Hep C
Hepatitis
211
Trans of Hep C
Transfusion, IV drug abuse, contact with blood
212
Dx of Hep C
RT-PCR, sequencing for genotype, serology
213
Vaccines for Hep C
None
214
Pathogenesis for Hep C
Viremia, targeting of the liver, persistent infx
215
Anti Virals for Hep C
Direct Acting anti-vitals (DAAs)
216
Consequences of Hep C
Hepatocellular Carcinoma
217
Hepatits Delta Virus memory hook
Hep B Love
218
What type of gen info does Hep D have?
ssRNA viroid enveloped
219
Dz of Hep D
Fulminant Hepatitis
220
Trans of Hep D
Mother to Child, transfusion, IV drug abuse, sexual
221
Dx of Hep D
Serology by antibody capture
222
Pathogenesis of Hep D
Co-infx with HBV, viremia, targeting of the liver, fulminant dz
223
Vaccine for Hep D
HBV subunit vaccine
224
Antivirals for Hep D
NRTIs
225
Consequences of Hep D
Chronic Hepatitis or Death
226
What type of gen info does Hep E have?
pos RNA
227
Dz of Hep E
Hepatitis (developing world)
228
Trans of Hep E
Fecal-Oral
229
Dx of Hep E
Serology or RT-PCR by the public health
230
Pathogenesis of Hep E
Viremia, targeting of the Liver
231
Vaccine for Hep E
None (in trials)
232
Anti virals for Hep E
None
233
Consequences for Hep E
Long-lived immunity; high mortality during pregnancy
234
Yellow Fever virus memory hook
Flavor Packed Flavi
235
What type of gen info does Yellow Fever virus have?
pos RNA enveloped
236
Dz of Yellow Fever virus
Yellow Fever
237
Trans of Yellow Fever
Mosquito bite (w/ urban cycle)
238
Dx of Yellow Fever
Clinical Dx, confirmation by serology by public health department
239
Pathogenesis of Yellow Fever
Viremia, extensive replication and cell death in liver
240
Vaccine for Yellow Fever
Live-attenuated
241
Anti-virals for Yellow Fever
None
242
Consequences of Yellow Fever
Longterm immunity or death
243
Dengue Virus memory hook
Flavor packed Flavi
244
What type of gen info does Dengue virus have?
pos ss RNA
245
Dz of Dengue virus
Hemorrhagic fever/break bone fever
246
Trans of Dengue virus
Mosquito bite
247
Dx of Dengue virus
RT-PCR , serology, or ELISA for NS1
248
Pathogenesis of Dengue virus
Immunopathogenesis causing fever and rash
249
Vaccine for Dengue virus
None
250
Anti-viral's for Dengue virus
None
251
Consequence of Dengue virus
Antibody dependent enhancement of dz if infected with another serotype
252
West Nile virus memory hook
Flavor packed Flavi
253
What type of gen info does West Nile have?
pos ssRNA enveloped
254
Dz of West Nile virus
Encephalitis, meningitis
255
Trans of West Nile virus
Mosquito
256
Dx of West Nile virus
RT-PCR and serology
257
Pathogenesis of West Nile virus
Viremia, CNS infx
258
Vaccine for West Nile virus
None
259
Anti-viral's for West Nile Virus
None
260
Consequences of West Nile virus
Immunity or death (more neurologic disease in the yearly)
261
St. Louis Encephalitis virus memory hook
Flavor packed Flavi
262
What type of gen info does St. Louis Encephalitis virus have?
pos ssRNA enveloped
263
Dz of St. Louis Encephalitis virus
Encephalitis
264
Trans of St. Louis Encephalitis
Mosquito
265
Dx of St. Louis Encephalitis
RT-PCR and serology
266
Pathogenesis of St. Louis Encephalitis
Viremia, CNS infx
267
Vaccine for St. Louis Encephalitis
None
268
Anti virals for St. Louis Encephalitis
None
269
Consequences of St. Louis Encephalitis
Long-term immunity or death (rare)
270
Chikungunya virus memory hook
Toga-Toga-Togavirus
271
What type of gen info does Chikungunya have?
pos ssRNA enveloped
272
Dz of Chikungunya
Chikungunya fever, myalgia, arthralgias
273
Trans of Chikungunya
Insect vector
274
Dx of Chikungunya
Serology or RT-PCR by the public health
275
Pathogenesis of Chikungunya
Viremia, polyarthralgia, rash
276
Vaccine for Chikungunya
None
277
Antivirals for Chikungunya
None
278
Consequences of Chikungunya
Polyarthralgia can last weeks or months, recovery
279
EEE, WEE, and VEE memory hook
Toga-Toga-Togavirus
280
What type of gen info does EEE, WEE, VEE have?
pos RNA enveloped
281
Dz of EEE, WEE, VEE
Encephalitis
282
Trans of EEE, WEE, VEE
Mosquito
283
Dx of EEE, WEE, VEE
Serology or RT-PCR by public health dept.
284
Pathogenesis of EEE, WEE, VEE
Viremia, CNS infx
285
Vaccine for EEE, WEE, VEE
For Horses only
286
Anti virals for EEE, WEE, VEE
None
287
Consequences of EEE, WEE, VEE
Long term immunity or death
288
California Encephalitis virus memory hook
Paul Bunyavirus
289
What type of gen info does California Encephalitis virus have?
pos/neg segmented RNA enveloped
290
Dz of California Encephalitis virus
Encephalitis
291
Trans of California Encephalitis virus
Mosquito
292
Dx of California Encephalitis virus
Serology
293
Pathogenesis of California Encephalitis virus
Viremia, CNS infx
294
Vaccine for California Encephalitis virus
None
295
Anti virals for California Encephalitis virus
None
296
Consequence of California Encephalitis virus
Long term immunity
297
Colorado Tick Fever virus memory hook
A Race on the Rio (Grande Prix)
298
What type of gen info does Colorado Tick Fever have?
DS segmented RNA
299
Dz of Colorado Tick Fever
Fever and rash
300
Trans of Colorado Tick Fever
Tick bite
301
Dx of Colorado Tick Fever
Serology by the public health dept.
302
Pathogenesis of Colorado Tick Fever
Viremia, inflammation, and rash, recovery
303
Vaccine for Colorado Tick Fever
None
304
Anti viral for Colorado Tick Fever
None
305
Consequences of Colorado Tick Fever
Long-term immunity
306
Hantavirus memory hook
Paul Bunyavirus
307
What type of gen info does Hantavirus have?
pos/neg segmented RNA enveloped
308
Dz of Hantavirus
Pulm syn.
309
Trans of Hantavirus
Inhalation of secretions from infected animal
310
Dx of hantavirus
Serology by public health dept.
311
Pathogenesis of Hantavirus
Viral replication in resp. tract, inflammation, pneumonia
312
Vaccine for Hantavirus
None
313
Antiviral for Hantavirus
None
314
Consequences of Hantavirus
Long term immunity and latency
315
Ebola virus memory hook
Soccer Field'o virus
316
What type of gen info does Ebola virus have?
neg RNA enveloped
317
Dz of Ebola virus
Hemorrhagic fever
318
Trans of Ebola virus
Direct contact with blood or body fluids
319
Dx of Ebola Virus
RT-PCR from sera
320
Pathogenesis of Ebola Virus
Viremia, replication in all cells, cell death, organ failure
321
Vaccine for Ebola virus
None
322
Antivirals for Ebola virus
Supportive care, non-FDA approved specific antibodies
323
Consequences of Ebola Virus
Long term immunity, persistent infx, or DEATH
324
Coronavirus memory hook
Kingdom of Sars
325
What type of gen info does Coronavirus have?
pos ssRNA
326
Dz of Coronavirus
Common cold, gastroenteritis, SARS, MERS
327
Trans of Coronavirus
Resp, fecal-oral
328
Dx of Coronavirus
Film array PCR
329
Pathogenesis of Coronavirus
Local Replication and cell death
330
Vaccine for Coronavirus
None
331
Antivirals for Coronavirus
None
332
Consequences of Coronavirus
pandemic potential of emerging viruses like SARS and MERS, type specific immunity
333
Adenovirus memory hook
A Den-O Lions
334
What type of gen info does Adenovirus have?
DNA
335
Dz of Adenovirus
Multiple UR syndromes, conjunctivitis
336
Trans of Adenovirus
Respiratory
337
Dx of Adenovirus
Film array PCR
338
Pathogenesis of Adenovirus
Replication in epithelial class, viremia ???
339
Vaccine for Adenovirus
Live-attenuated (military only)
340
Consequence of Adenovirus
Long term immunity
341
Smallpox memory hook
Pox in a Box
342
What type of gen info does Smallpox have?
DNA enveloped
343
Dz of Smallpox
Smallpox
344
Trans of Smallpox
Resp.
345
Dx of Smallpox
CDC would sequence the virus and follow up on contacts
346
Pathogenesis of Smallpox
Viremia and rash
347
Vaccine for Smallpox
Live-attenuated
348
Antivirals for Smallpox
None
349
Consequence of Smallpox
Eradicated! Candidate vaccine vector
350
Rabies virus memory hook
Rabid wrecking yard
351
What type of gen info does Rabies virus have?
neg ssRNA enveloped
352
Dz of Rabies
Rabies
353
Trans of Rabies
Bite or contact with secretions of raccoon, skunk, or bat
354
Dx of Rabies
Detection of viral antigens in the brain; RT-PCR for genotype
355
Pathogenesis of Rabies
Replication in muscle, spread from nerves to brain
356
Vaccine for Rabies
Killed virus
357
Anti virals for Rabies
Anti-rabies Ig post exposure, no effective therapy after onset of CNS sx
358
Consequences of Rabies
Immunity or death
359
Molluscum Contagious memory hook
Pox in a Box
360
What type of gen info does Molluscum Contagious have?
DNA enveloped
361
Dz of Molluscum Contagiosum
Molluscum Contagious
362
Trans of Molluscum Contagious
Contact
363
Dx of Molluscum Contagious
Clinical dx from pearl like lesions
364
Pathogenesis of Molluscum Contagious
Painless lesions that take months to resolve
365
Vaccine for Molluscum Contagious
None
366
Anti virals for Molluscum Contagious
None
367
Consequences of Molluscum Contagious
Long term immunity, persistent in AIDS patients
368
Zika Virus memory hook
Flavor Packed Flavi
369
What type of gen info does Zika Virus have?
pos RNA enveloped
370
Dz of Zika Virus
Fever, rash in 20% of pplz infection; microcephaly (in babies of pregnant mothers infected with the virus)
371
Trans of Zika Virus
Sexual contact (semen); mosquito (aides egypti)
372
Dx of Zika Virus
RT-PCR and serology done by CDC or public health dept.
373
Pathogenesis of Zika Virus
Fever, rash and viremia in mom, microcephaly in babies
374
Vaccines for Zika Virus
None (17D based vaccines in development)
375
Antivirals for Zika Virus
None
376
Consequences of Zika Virus
once a person is infected, he or she is likely to be protected from future infections
