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Physics > 7 — Energy > Flashcards

7 — Energy Flashcards

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1
Q

Work done formula

A

W = Fd
Work done = force (N) x distance moved in the direction of the force

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2
Q

Kinetic energy formula

A

Ek = 1/2mv^2
Kinetic energy = 1/2 x mass (kg) x velocity^2 (m/s)

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3
Q

Gravitational potential energy (J) formula

A

G.p.e. = m x g x h

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4
Q

Power formula

A

P = w.d./t

P = E/t

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5
Q

Efficiency

A

Efficiency = useful energy output/total energy input x 100%

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6
Q

Types of energy stores

A

Kinetic store, gravitational potential store, chemical potential store, elastic potential store, internal store, nuclear store

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7
Q

Define energy store

A

A way in which energy can be kept in a system

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8
Q

Work done

A

Work done by a constant force on a object is the product of the force and the distance moved by the object in the direction of an applied force

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9
Q

Define 1J based on work done

A

1J = work done by a force of one Newton, which moves an object thru a distance of one metre in the direction of the force

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10
Q

Gravitational potential energy store

A

G.p.e. Store is the energy possessed by a body due to its position

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11
Q

The principle of conservation of energy

A

The principle of conservation of energy States that energy cannot be created or destroyed. Energy can be transferred from one store to another. The total energy of an isolated system is constant.

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12
Q

Power

A

Power is defined as the work done or energy transferred per unit time.

Greater power -> greater amt of work done during same period of time/ Same amt of work done during shorter period of time

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13
Q

Renewable source of energy

A

Source of energy that can be replaced at a sustainable rate

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14
Q

Work done Answ technique

A

Yes/no work is done. Since a (direction)force is exerted on(x), and (x) moved (direction) in the same direction as exerted force, work is done.

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15
Q

Power ating

A

For every 1s, _J of electrical energy is converted to heat and light

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16
Q

Renewable energy sources

A
  1. Biofuels
  2. Wind
  3. Tides
  4. Hydropower
  5. Geothermal reservoirs
  6. Solar power
17
Q

Non-renewable energy sources

A
  1. Fossil fuels
  2. Nuclear fuels
  3. Natural gas
18
Q

Biofuels

A
  • renewable energy source (RES)
  • widely available on a large scale
  • relatively cheap cost of production

Disadvantage:
- env pollution from gs produced

19
Q

Wind

A

A:
- RES
- no GHG produced

D:
- intermittent power
- noise pollution + loss of habitat for wildlife -> land cleared to build turbines

20
Q

Tides

A

A:
- RES
- more reliable than wind/sun
- no GHG produced

D:
- high cost of building tidal barrages, turbines n generators
- marine life affected due to alterations of water currents, noise n emission of electromagnetic fields

Ke water -> ke turbine

21
Q

Hydropower

A

A:
- RES
- no GHG produced
Gpe water -> ke turbine
D:
- high cost
- posb dmg to env due to damming of river

22
Q

Geothermal reservoirs

A

A:
- RES
- clean source of naturally available energy in internal stores
Ie water -> ke turbine
D:
- release of poisonous gases ->. Env pollution
-not widely available

23
Q

Solar power

A

A:
- RES
-no GHG produced

D:
- weather-dependent
- solar panels takes up lots of space

24
Q

Fossil fuels

A

A:
- independent on env factors, more reliable
- relatively cheaper cost of production

D:
- NRES
- gases produced during burning -> env pollution + GW

25
Q

Nuclear fuels

A
  • low carbon energy resource -> lower GHG emissions causing gw
  • more reliable in supplying uninterrupted power

D:
- NRES’- risk of accidents + pollution from improper radioactive waste disposal

26
Q

Natural gas

A

A:
- easy to store
- cheaper than other FF
- large reserves
- less pollution
- reliable

D:
- non-renewable
- reduce GHG
- danger of explosion
- danger of CO poisoning

27
Q

Describe the pathway and energy transfer of the falling ball

A

Energy in gravitational potential store is transferred mechanically to kinetic store of the ball by weight of ball acting over distance it falls

28
Q

Renewable energy

A

Energy that can be replenished naturally quickly enough

29
Q

Kinetic energy

A

Energy of a mass due to its velocity: KE = 1/2mv^2

30
Q

Gravitational potential energy

A

Energy o a mass due to its position in a gravitational field

31
Q

Efficiency

A

Ratio of useful energy output to total energy input

Physics (18 decks)

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