7. Digestive System Anatomy

Question 1

digestive system functions

Answer 1

Ingestion, digestion,
absorption, compaction,
defecation

Question 2

mechanical digestion

Answer 2

Breakdown of larger chunks of food into smaller bits of the same
food (no molecular alteration)
1. mastication
2. churning
3. segmentation

Question 3

chemical digestion

Answer 3

Breakdown of macronutrients (by enzymes & acids) into smaller
molecules
1. secretion

Question 4

absorption

Answer 4

uptake of a substance

Question 5

desiccation

Answer 5

removing water

Question 6

secretion

Answer 6

release of a substance

Question 7

ingestion

Answer 7

consumption via mouth

Question 8

mastication

Answer 8

chewing

Question 9

deglutition

Answer 9

swallowing

Question 10

propulsion

Answer 10

pushing/moving forward

Question 11

peristalsis

Answer 11

waves of smooth muscle contraction that causes propulsion

Question 12

defecation

Answer 12

expelling feces

Question 13

churning

Answer 13

method of mechanical breakdown

Question 14

segmentation

Answer 14

mechanical breakdown in intestines, breaking food into “segments” as well as mixing (and
moving in both directions)

Question 15

bolus

Answer 15

rounded mushy lump of food (esophagus)

Question 16

GI tract organs

Answer 16

organs part of the tube that comes in direct contact with food
- mouth
- (most of) pharynx
- esophagus
- stomach
- small & large intestines
- rectum
- anus

Question 17

accessory organs

Answer 17

assist in digestion
- teeth
- tongue
- salivary glands
- liver
- gall bladder
- pancreas

Question 18

chyme

Answer 18

liquefied food (stomach and small intestine

Question 19

feces

Answer 19

found in colon